Lactate dehydrogenase activity in Bacteroides fragilis group strains with induced resistance to metronidazole

Stanko, Aleksandra Presečki; Sóki, Jozsef; Brkić, Dijana Varda; Plečko, Vanda

doi:10.1016/j.jgar.2016.01.009

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Metronidazole resistance in Bacteroides spp. can be related to complex metabolic changes in metabolism, such as a decrease in PFOR activity associated with an overproduction of LDH activity, an increase in rhamnose catabolism, or a modification of iron transport [ 78 , 79 , 80 , 81 ]. Another way to escape the antibiotic effect is the metronidazole extrusion by BmeABC, a RND family efflux transporter of Bacteroides spp.…”

Section: Metronidazolementioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Trends in Antimicrobial Resistance among Anaerobic Clinical Isolates

et al. 2023

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Anaerobic bacteria are normal inhabitants of the human commensal microbiota and play an important role in various human infections. Tedious and time-consuming, antibiotic susceptibility testing is not routinely performed in all clinical microbiology laboratories, despite the increase in antibiotic resistance among clinically relevant anaerobes since the 1990s. β-lactam and metronidazole are the key molecules in the management of anaerobic infections, to the detriment of clindamycin. β-lactam resistance is usually mediated by the production of β-lactamases. Metronidazole resistance remains uncommon, complex, and not fully elucidated, while metronidazole inactivation appears to be a key mechanism. The use of clindamycin, a broad-spectrum anti-anaerobic agent, is becoming problematic due to the increase in resistance rate in all anaerobic bacteria, mainly mediated by Erm-type rRNA methylases. Second-line anti-anaerobes are fluoroquinolones, tetracyclines, chloramphenicol, and linezolid. This review aims to describe the up-to-date evolution of antibiotic resistance, give an overview, and understand the main mechanisms of resistance in a wide range of anaerobes.

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Section: Metronidazolementioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Trends in Antimicrobial Resistance among Anaerobic Clinical Isolates

et al. 2023

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“…Other mechanisms of reduced susceptibility include lower levels of the PFOR enzyme (a significant decrease of the reducing power of the microorganisms) and the induction of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity. These resistance determinants are predominantly found in the chromosome but their presence has been described in transferable plasmids and IS elements as well, with some experts fearing the rapid dissemination of these genes [ 149 , 150 , 185 , 186 , 187 , 188 , 189 , 190 , 191 , 192 , 193 , 194 ].…”

Section: Antibiotic Resistance In Anaerobic Bacteria: the Importanmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing of Anaerobic Bacteria: Rubik’s Cube of Clinical Microbiology?

2017

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Anaerobic bacteria have pivotal roles in the microbiota of humans and they are significant infectious agents involved in many pathological processes, both in immunocompetent and immunocompromised individuals. Their isolation, cultivation and correct identification differs significantly from the workup of aerobic species, although the use of new technologies (e.g., matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry, whole genome sequencing) changed anaerobic diagnostics dramatically. In the past, antimicrobial susceptibility of these microorganisms showed predictable patterns and empirical therapy could be safely administered but recently a steady and clear increase in the resistance for several important drugs (β-lactams, clindamycin) has been observed worldwide. For this reason, antimicrobial susceptibility testing of anaerobic isolates for surveillance purposes or otherwise is of paramount importance but the availability of these testing methods is usually limited. In this present review, our aim was to give an overview of the methods currently available for the identification (using phenotypic characteristics, biochemical testing, gas-liquid chromatography, MALDI-TOF MS and WGS) and antimicrobial susceptibility testing (agar dilution, broth microdilution, disk diffusion, gradient tests, automated systems, phenotypic and molecular resistance detection techniques) of anaerobes, when should these methods be used and what are the recent developments in resistance patterns of anaerobic bacteria.

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“…The identification of B. caccae can be challenging because the clinical symptoms of B. caccae infections are similar to those of other bloodstream infections. 26 , 27 The use of two or more sets of blood cultures substantially improves the positive testing rate of blood cultures such that patients can receive timely treatment and have a lower risk of death from the condition. 28 The blood samples of our patient exhibited no bacterial growth in the two aerobic blood culture bottles for 5 days; conversely, bacterial growth was detected in the two anaerobic bottles using the automatic bacterial identification instrument after only 28 hours.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bloodstream infection caused by Bacteroides caccae in a patient with renal hypertension: a case report

Yang

Zhang

et al. 2021

J Int Med Res

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Bacteroides caccae is an anaerobic bacterium with a reportedly high isolation rate; however, it rarely causes bloodstream infections. Patients with hypertension are at increased risk of developing anaerobic bacterial infection. In this study, we report a case of bacteremia caused by B. caccae in a patient with renal hypertension and gastrointestinal hemorrhage. This study describes the clinical manifestations of bloodstream infection involving B. caccae to provide guidance for laboratory technicians and clinicians. A 42-year-old Chinese man was admitted for gastrointestinal hemorrhage and subsequently diagnosed with anaerobic blood infection. The pathogenic bacteria isolated from anaerobic blood culture bottles were identified as B. caccae by using an automatic bacterial identification instrument and mass spectrometry (MS). B. caccae is an intestinal opportunistic pathogen that can invade the intestinal mucosa and cause anaerobic bloodstream infection. Two or more sets of blood cultures and MS identification can greatly improve the positive detection rate of blood cultures of anaerobic bacteria. Furthermore, the increased drug resistance of anaerobic bacteria necessitates drug sensitivity tests for anaerobic bacteria in many hospitals. Thus, the early prevention and control of primary diseases with appropriate diagnoses and timely anti-infection therapies are necessary to reduce B. caccae bloodstream infection.

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Lactate dehydrogenase activity in Bacteroides fragilis group strains with induced resistance to metronidazole

Cited by 8 publications

References 13 publications

Recent Trends in Antimicrobial Resistance among Anaerobic Clinical Isolates

Recent Trends in Antimicrobial Resistance among Anaerobic Clinical Isolates

Identification and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing of Anaerobic Bacteria: Rubik’s Cube of Clinical Microbiology?

Bloodstream infection caused by Bacteroides caccae in a patient with renal hypertension: a case report

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