Lactate dehydrogenase, Beta-2 Microglobulin Levels and CD4/CD8 Lymphocyte Ratio in Patients with Mycosis Fungoides in Stage 1A

Abstract

Objective: Mycosis fungoides is the most common type of primary cutaneous T-cell lymphomas. In this study, we aimed to investigate the biochemical parameters of beta-2 microglobulin, lactate dehydrogenase, CD4/CD8 lymphocyte ratio determined by flow cytometry, and T cell clonality in patients with MF and to correlate these parameters in stage 1A and other stages.
 Materials and Methods: A hundred sixty-one (87 Male, 74 Female) patients followed-up between January 1995 and January 2019 were retrospectively evaluated. Patients’ demographics, stage of the disease, peripheral lymph node and organ involvement, peripheral blood beta-2-microglobulin, lactate dehydrogenase levels, CD4/CD8 + lymphocyte ratio and presence of T cell clonality in biopsy samples were evaluated.
 Results: Median beta-2 microglobulin levels were 1608.5 ng/ml for stage 1A and 1970.5 ng/ml for other stages. Peripheral blood median CD4/CD8 lymphocte ratio was 1.60 for stage 1A and 1.85 for other stages. We found statistically significant difference between two groups in terms of beta-2 microglobulin levels and peripheral blood median CD4/CD8 lymphocte ratio (p=0.001, p=0.04). No statistically significant difference was found between two groups in terms of lactate dehydrogenase levels and T-cell clonality (p=0.234, p=0.525).
 Conclusion: Our study supports that high peripheral blood beta-2 microglobulin level and CD4/CD8 lymphocyte ratio at the time of diagnosis may imply advanced stage and poor prognosis in Mycosis Fungoides.

Characteristics of Primary Cutaneous Lymphoma in Italy: A Tertiary Care, Single-Center Study

“…However, our results need to be analyzed carefully given the heterogeneity of the entities considered. Several studies have demonstrated that LDH may be associated with later tumor stages and worse prognosis, particularly in MF and SS [27], whereas only hints of evidence of the role of beta-2M levels are present for cutaneous lymphomas [28]. Considering peripheral beta-2M and LDH levels, we observed a statistically significant difference between CTCL and CBCL (p = 0.025 and p < 0.001, respectively).…”

Updated review on prognostic factors in mycosis fungoides and new skin lymphoma trials

“…Diamandidou et al 23 concluded raised serum Beta‐2 microglobulin and LDH levels were predictive of LCT in early‐stage MF patients. In another study including 161 patients, no significant differences in LDH levels were observed between stage IA and other stages 24 . In PROCLIPI study, LDH levels were elevated in 27 of the patients with early‐stage disease.…”

“…In another study including 161 patients, no significant differences in LDH levels were observed between stage IA and other stages. 24 In PROCLIPI study, LDH levels were elevated in 27 of the patients with early-stage disease. Stage IIA showed higher LDH levels (43.5%) compared to stage IA and IB (6.7% and 8.9%, respectively).…”