2022
DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.901495
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Lactate: The Mediator of Metabolism and Immunosuppression

Abstract: The Warburg effect, one of the hallmarks of tumors, produces large amounts of lactate and generates an acidic tumor microenvironment via using glucose for glycolysis. As a metabolite, lactate not only serves as a substrate to provide energy for supporting cell growth and development but also acts as an important signal molecule to affect the biochemical functions of intracellular proteins and regulate the biological functions of different kinds of cells. Notably, histone lysine lactylation (Kla) is identified … Show more

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Cited by 36 publications
(26 citation statements)
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“… 32 However, several alternative routes allow HIF-1 activation in presence of oxygen, a phenomenon known as Warburg Effect. 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 Many non-hypoxic stimuli are capable of turning on HIF-1, including hormones, growth factors, and microRNAs (miRs), and usually mediate HIF-1α stabilization by targeting PDH2. For instance, Chen et al.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“… 32 However, several alternative routes allow HIF-1 activation in presence of oxygen, a phenomenon known as Warburg Effect. 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 Many non-hypoxic stimuli are capable of turning on HIF-1, including hormones, growth factors, and microRNAs (miRs), and usually mediate HIF-1α stabilization by targeting PDH2. For instance, Chen et al.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The regulation of lactate in the immune microenvironment is also a major means to promote tumour progression. Lactate in the tumour microenvironment can exert the immunosuppressive function, and promote tumour development by inducing, recruiting and regulating immunosuppressive cells 71,72 . Lactate modifies histones and directly inhibits signalling pathways, thus playing an important role in tumour immunity 73–75 .…”
Section: Metabolic Reprogramming During Cancer Developmentmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Lactate level is known to increase when tissue cells are starved for energy and require more oxygen than they can supply, often during extensive exercise and ischemia [ 20 ] ( Figure 2 ). Under the condition of hypoxia, glucose catabolism is mainly carried out through the inefficient energy metabolism pathway glycolysis to produce a large amount of lactate, a.k.a., the Warburg effect, one of the hallmarks of tumors, which makes large amounts of lactate and generates an acidic tumor microenvironment [ 21 ]. These acidic products must be balanced by transport or conversion to other products.…”
Section: Qigong Exercise Balances the Whole Body By Accelerating Mate...mentioning
confidence: 99%