Lactation and body weight of dairy cows:
interrelationships among heat stress, calving season
and milk yield

Maltz, E.; Kroll, O.; Barash, H.; Shamy, A.; Silanikove, Nissim

doi:10.22358/jafs/68027/2000

Cited by 10 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Hutches have been used successfully for calf rearing. However, given the potential problems of high temperature effect, calves housed outside can be exposed to signifi cant heat stress during summer (Broucek et al, 1990;Maltz et al, 2000). The calves maintained in hutches and exposed to direct sunlight would receive an additional radiant heat load than those maintained in the shaded environment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of high temperature on growth performance of calves maintained in outdoor hutches

Brouček¹,

Kišac²,

Uhrinčať³

et al. 2008

J. Anim. Feed Sci.

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The aim of this work was to evaluate effects of high temperature on the growth, feed intake and health condition of calves kept in individual hutches in southern Slovakia. We tested a hypothesis that the calf performance would be infl uenced by the season at birth, sire lineage and gender. Sixtythree Holstein calves were reared in individual hutches from the second day of life to weaning at the age of 8 weeks. The calves originated from 5 sires. All calves were divided according to the temperature period at birth. The effects of period were determined according to two patterns: in pattern A, a low temperature period 1 (LT1, from April 4 to June 11, 69 days), high temperature period (HT, from June 12 to September 14, 95 days) and low temperature period 2 (from September 15 to November 24, 70 days) were distinguished; in pattern B, the results obtained in the LT1 and LT2 periods were combined and compared with those found in HT period. The same conditions of nutrition were ensured. We recorded 62 summer days and 14 tropical days during HT. Sixty-six days with the THI value above 72.0 and twenty-six with the values higher than 78.0 were found. The calves born during the HT had the lowest body weight from the fi rst week to the weaning in the both patterns (P<0.05). These calves drank up the most of water to the weaning, and had the least intake of starter mixture (P<0.05).

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of high temperature on growth performance of calves maintained in outdoor hutches

Brouček¹,

Kišac²,

Uhrinčať³

et al. 2008

J. Anim. Feed Sci.

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“…However, the effect of season on MY could be related to the changes in either temperature or photoperiod. According to Maltz et al (2000), the summer-calving cows attained minimal BW sooner than winter-calving cows. They suppose that the negative energy balance during the summer modified the homeorhetic mechanism so that in comparison with winter-calving cows, more nutrients are diverted for repletion of body reserve on the account of their flow to the udder.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…DWG and milk yield are affected by several factors, including season (Tancin, 1991;Kaczor, 2000;Maltz et al, 2000) and ambient temperature in particular (Shearer and Beede, 1990;Knizkova et al, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental factors and progeny affecting milk yield and composition during the first lactation

Brouček¹,

Mihina²,

Kišac³

et al. 2005

J. Anim. Feed Sci.

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The purpose of this study was to determine whether the milk yield (MY) of primiparous cows is affected by their housing to weaning, the method of providing liquid feed, sire (S) line, and season of birth and calving. Thirty-two heifer-calves were used in the experiment; 19 heifers were kept in individual housing (IH) and 13 in loose housing (LH) from the second day of life. On the seventh day the IH heifers were divided according to feeding milk replacer (MR) or milk: 10 were relocated from IH to a pen with a computer-controlled feeder (CCF) providing automatic feeding of MR (AF), 9 heifers stayed in IH with bucket drinking (BF). The LH heifers were moved to a nursing cows pen (UF). Heifers were kept in free-stall housing after the first calving. The cows were also divided according to the sire, season of birth and calving. LH primiparous cows produced more milk throughout the first eight months of lactation, more MY, FCM and protein for 305 d lactation (P<0.05). UF cows had the highest MY throughout the first lactation and reached the significantly highest milk yield and FCM (6894.1; 6541.9 kg), whereas AF cows, the lowest (5757.5; 5820.9 kg; P<0.01) for 305 days of lactation. The contents of fat and total solids (TS) were the highest in group AF. Sire lineages differed in the contents of fat, protein, lactose, non-fat solids (NSF), TS, and MY, lactose and NFS. Cows born and calved in the summer showed lower MY and FCM yields. The most productive cows were born and calved in the winter and spring.

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“…Dairy Sci., 10 (3): 95-106, 2015 yield, milk fat and protein production, as well as fertility rate (West, 2003). High-yielding cows are affected more than low-yielding ones (Maltz et al, 2000;Barash et al, 2001) because the upper critical temperature shifts downward as milk production increase (Silanikove, 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

PA-PG-PL System in Dairy Animals and its Significance: A Review

Haque¹,

Singh²,

Hossain³

2015

International J. of Dairy Science

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Animal husbandry plays an important role in strengthening the rural economy. Heat is a major constraint on animal productivity in the tropical belt and arid areas. Heat stress in dairy cows as all temperature-related forces encourage changes or adjustments which may occur from the cellular to the total animal level to help the cows stay away from physiological disorders and then to better adapt to an adverse thermal environment. Milk production is impaired as a result of the drastic changes in biological functions under heat stress. Activation of the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenocortical axis by external stress liberates cortisol into blood plasma, which in turn induces the liberation of Plasminogen Activator (PA) from the mammary epithelial cells, where it activates the Plasminogen-Plasmin (PG-PL) system. Thus, this PA-PG-PL system is a milk-borne factor which down regulates the milk secretion during the summer stress. This negative feedback system specifically forms β-casein (CN) fragment (f) (1-28) from β-CN, which acts as the negative control signal of mammary gland. Based on these findings, casein hydrolyzate preparation is developed to reduce suffering from mammary gland engorgement associated with abrupt cessation of milking and to treat common clinical and subclinical infections of udder in dairy cows.

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Lactation and body weight of dairy cows: interrelationships among heat stress, calving season and milk yield

Cited by 10 publications

References 13 publications

Effect of high temperature on growth performance of calves maintained in outdoor hutches

Effect of high temperature on growth performance of calves maintained in outdoor hutches

Environmental factors and progeny affecting milk yield and composition during the first lactation

PA-PG-PL System in Dairy Animals and its Significance: A Review

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