Lactation Response of Dairy Cows Receiving Bovine Somatotropin and Fed Rations Varying in Crude Protein and Undegradable Intake Protein

McGuffey, R.K.; Green, H.B.; Basson, Rodney P.

doi:10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(90)78928-x

Cited by 22 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…This whole reaction is called the Maillard reaction. Cows fed recombinant bST and rumen-bypass protein that have increased milk yield [ 118 ]. Rumen cellulolytic bacteria cellulolytic require ammonia which they degrade to produce essential proteins for their growth.…”

Section: Strategies To Alleviate Biological Stress During the Transit...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrigenomic Interventions to Address Metabolic Stress and Related Disorders in Transition Cows

Hassan

Nadeem

Javed

et al. 2022

BioMed Research International

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For dairy cattle, the period involving a shift from late pregnancy to early lactation termed transition or periparturient is an excruciating phase. Health-related disorders are likely to happen in this time frame. Timely postpartum and metabolic adjustments to this new physical state demands correct management strategies to fulfill the cow’s needs for a successful transition to this phase. Among the management strategies, one of the most researched methods for managing transition-related stress is nutritional supplementation. Dietary components directly or indirectly affect the expression of various genes that are believed to be involved in various stress-related responses during this phase. Nutrigenomics, an interdisciplinary approach that combines nutritional science with omics technologies, opens new avenues for studying the genome’s complicated interactions with food. This revolutionary technique emphasizes the importance of food-gene interactions on various physiological and metabolic mechanisms. In animal sciences, nutrigenomics aims to promote the welfare of livestock animals and enhance their commercially important qualities through nutritional interventions. To this end, an increasing volume of research shows that nutritional supplementation can be effectively used to manage the metabolic stress dairy cows undergo during the transition period. These nutritional supplements, including polyunsaturated fatty acids, vitamins, dietary amino acids, and phytochemicals, have been shown to modulate energy homeostasis through different pathways, leading to addressing metabolic issues in transition cows.

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Section: Strategies To Alleviate Biological Stress During the Transit...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrigenomic Interventions to Address Metabolic Stress and Related Disorders in Transition Cows

Hassan

Nadeem

Javed

et al. 2022

BioMed Research International

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“…Meeting protein requirements for high production requires maximizing rumen bacterial production and rumen bypass of intact protein, and supplying rumen bypass AA or analogs. Milk yield was increased in cows receiving recombinant bST and fed high-rumen-bypass rations (McGuffey et al, 1990). Rumen bacteria, especially cellulolytics, require ammonia from degradable intake protein sources (e.g., urea, ammonia, and biuret) for growth.…”

Section: Protein and Amino Acidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Four rations in a 2 × 2 arrangement: low (14%) or high (17%) CP × low (33%) or high (40%) rumen-undegradable intake protein (UIP) for cows were assigned to control or 640 mg of bST injected at 28-d intervals (McGuffey et al, 1990). Nine cows with no bST and fed the low-low ration served as negative controls.…”

Section: Biology Of Somatotropinmentioning

confidence: 99%

A 100-Year Review: Metabolic modifiers in dairy cattle nutrition

McGuffey¹

2017

Journal of Dairy Science

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The first issue of the Journal of Dairy Science in 1917 opened with the text of the speech by Raymond A. Pearson, president of the Iowa State College of Agriculture, at the dedication of the new dairy building at the University of Nebraska (J. Dairy Sci. 1:4-18, 1917). Fittingly, this was the birth of a new research facility and more importantly, the beginning of a new journal devoted to the sciences of milk production and manufacture of products from milk. Metabolic modifiers of dairy cow metabolism enhance, change, or interfere with normal metabolic processes in the ruminant digestive tract or alter postabsorption partitioning of nutrients among body tissues. Papers on metabolic modifiers became more frequent in the journal around 1950. Dairy farming changed radically between 1955 and 1965. Changes in housing and feeding moved more cows outside, and cows and heifers in all stages of lactation, including the dry period, were fed as a single group. Rations became wetter with the shift to corn silage as the major forage in many rations. Liberal grain feeding met the requirements of high-producing cows and increased production per cow but introduced new challenges; for example, managing and feeding cows as a group. These changes led to the introduction of new strategies that identified and expanded the use of metabolic modifiers. Research was directed at characterizing the new problems for the dairy cow created by group feeding. Metabolic modifiers went beyond feeding the cow and included environmental and housing factors and additives to reduce the incidence and severity of many new conditions and pathologies. New collaborations began among dairy cattle specialties that broadened our understanding of the workings of the cow. The Journal of Dairy Science then and now plays an enormously important role in dissemination of the findings of dairy scientists worldwide that address existing and new technologies.

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“…In both experiments, the formulation objectives were to design diets with ∼16% CP, equal content of sugars plus starch, and isoenergetic. The dietary CP content was chosen both because it reflects the common content used for lactating dairy cows on commercial farms, and because a higher dietary CP content does not always increase the productive responses and can contribute to N pollution (McGuffey et al, 1990;Kebreab et al, 2002;Cabrita et al, 2003 Table 4 presents the AA profile (g/100 g of AA) of tested supplements, corn silages, and concentrate mixtures used in these experiments. The AA profiles of the corn silages were quite similar.…”

Section: Feed Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Palm Kernel Meal and Corn Distillers Grains in Corn Silage-Based Diets for Lactating Dairy Cows

Carvalho¹,

Cabrita

Dewhurst

et al. 2006

Journal of Dairy Science

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The effects of increasing levels of solvent-extracted palm kernel meal (SPKM) and corn distillers dried grains (CDG) in corn silage-based diets on feed intake and milk production were examined in 2 experiments. In Experiment 1, 20 Holstein cows averaging 100 d in milk (DIM) (SD = 61.5) at the start of the experiment were utilized in an 11-wk randomized complete block design with 4 treatments in 5 blocks to study effects of increasing levels of SPKM in the diet. During a 3-wk preliminary period, cows were fed a standard diet. At the end of the preliminary period, cows were blocked by 4% fat-corrected milk yield, parity number (primiparous and multiparous), and DIM, and were assigned randomly to 1 of 4 experimental diets. The total mixed ration (TMR) consisted of (dry matter basis) 40% corn silage, 5% coarsely chopped wheat straw, and 55% concentrate. The increasing dietary levels of SPKM were achieved by replacing protein sources and citrus pulp with SPKM and urea (0, 5, 10, and 15% SPKM and 0.06, 0.22, 0.38, and 0.55% urea for SPKM0, SPKM5, SPKM10, and SPKM15, respectively). In Experiment 2, 18 Holstein cows averaging 93 DIM (SD = 49.1) at the start of the experiment were utilized in an 11-wk randomized complete block design with 3 treatments in 6 blocks to study effects of increasing levels of CDG in the diet. The preliminary period lasted for 2 wk. Assignment of cows to treatments was the same as in Experiment 1. The TMR consisted of (dry matter basis) 40% corn silage, 5% coarsely chopped wheat straw, and 55% concentrate. The increasing dietary levels of CDG were achieved by replacing soybean meal and citrus pulp with CDG and urea (0, 7, and 14% CDG and 0, 0.22, and 0.49% urea for CDG0, CDG7, and CDG14, respectively). There were no significant treatment effects on dry matter intake, milk yield, or milk composition in Experiment 1. Inclusion of SPKM tended to increase protein and lactose contents of milk. The SPKM0 diet promoted body weight loss. There were no treatment effects in Experiment 2, except for milk protein content, which was decreased by CDG. Plasma Lys concentration tended to be affected by SPKM and CDG inclusions. Plasma concentrations of 3-methylhistidine and Leu seemed to be related to body protein degradation/synthesis. The feeding of SPKM up to 15% in the diet decreased feed costs without detrimental effects on productive responses and tended to increase milk protein content. The inclusion of CDG in diets based on corn silage and corn byproducts might decrease milk protein content due to an unbalanced supply of AA, particularly Lys.

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Lactation Response of Dairy Cows Receiving Bovine Somatotropin and Fed Rations Varying in Crude Protein and Undegradable Intake Protein

Cited by 22 publications

References 15 publications

Nutrigenomic Interventions to Address Metabolic Stress and Related Disorders in Transition Cows

Nutrigenomic Interventions to Address Metabolic Stress and Related Disorders in Transition Cows

A 100-Year Review: Metabolic modifiers in dairy cattle nutrition

Evaluation of Palm Kernel Meal and Corn Distillers Grains in Corn Silage-Based Diets for Lactating Dairy Cows

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