Lactational Responses of Dairy Cows to Diets Containing Regular and High Oleic Acid Sunflower Seeds

Casper, D. P.; Schingoethe, D.J.; Middaugh, R.P.; Baer, R.J.

doi:10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(88)79682-4

Cited by 54 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Ruminal pH, ammonia N and total VFA concentration were not affected by sunflower seed supplementation. These results agree with those of others who found no effect of feeding sunflower seed (up to 97 g kg −1 of diet DM) on ruminal fermentation parameters of dairy cows 1, 22, 23. In contrast to our results, Drackley and Schingoethe24 observed an increase in ruminal pH with sunflower seed supplementation (92 g kg −1 of diet DM), which they attributed to reduction in total volatile fatty acid production.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

Performance of dairy cows fed roasted sunflower seed

et al. 2004

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The objectives of this study were to determine the effects on milk yield, milk composition, ruminal fermentation and total tract nutrient utilization of feeding roasted whole sunflower seed to dairy cows. Three diets were formulated: a control diet with no sunflower seed (NSF), a raw sunflower seed diet (USF) and a roasted sunflower seed diet (RSF). The level of sunflower seed in USF and RSF was 78 g kg −1 of dry matter (DM). The effects of dietary treatments on yield and composition of milk were determined using nine Holstein cows in three 3 × 3 Latin squares. Three ruminally fistulated cows were used to determine the effects of dietary treatments on ruminal fermentation and total tract nutrient digestibilities. Cows fed sunflower seed diets consumed 8% less (P < 0.05) DM but produced similar amounts of milk as cows fed NSF. However, milk fat content (30.7 vs 33.5 g kg −1 ) and yield (1.33 vs 1.47 kg day −1 ) were lower (P < 0.05) for cows fed USF and RSF than for those fed NSF. Supplemental sunflower seed had no effect on concentrations and yields of other milk components. The concentrations of short-chain (C 4:0 to C 12:0 ) and medium-chain (C 14:0 to C 16:0 ) fatty acids were, respectively, 27% and 29% lower (P < 0.05) while those of long-chain fatty acids (C 18:0 to C 18:3 ) were 51% higher (P < 0.05) in the milk of cows fed USF and RSF than for cows fed NSF. Ruminal pH, ammonia N and total volatile fatty acids were not affected by dietary treatments. Feeding sunflower seed (USF or RSF) reduced (P < 0.05) the concentration of acetate and increased (P < 0.05) the concentration of propionate. Total tract nutrient digestibilities were not affected by sunflower seed supplementation or by heat treatment. Supplementing dairy cow diets with unheated or roasted sunflower seed improved the efficiency of milk production and increased concentrations of long-chain and polyunsaturated fatty acids. Feeding sunflower seed at up to 78 g kg −1 of diet DM had no adverse effects on nutrient utilization. Roasting had no additional benefits on milk yield or milk fatty acid composition.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

Performance of dairy cows fed roasted sunflower seed

et al. 2004

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“…Concentration and yield of milk protein were not affected by treatment and are in agreement with those of previous studies (Casper et al 1988;Chouinard et al 1997).…”

Section: Dry Matter Intake and Milk Yield And Compositionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Effect of dietary soybean or sunflower seeds on milk production, milk fatty acid profile and yield of conjugated linoleic acid

Dayani¹,

Ghorbani²,

Entz³

et al. 2004

Can. J. Anim. Sci.

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, Z. 2004. Effect of dietary soybean or sunflower seeds on milk production, milk fatty acid profile and yield of conjugated linoleic acid. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 84: 113-124. Eight cows in mid-lactation were used to determine the effects of feeding diets containing soybeans (SBS) or sunflower seed (SFS) on conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) yield and concentration in milk during two 3-wk periods. All cows were fed a standard pre-trial diet for 2 wk, before assignment to treatment diets in both periods of the 2 × 2 cross-over design used in the study. The two treatment diets contained on a dry matter (DM) basis: (1) SBS: 20% barley silage, 34.7% barley grain, 30% alfalfa cube, 13% crushed soybean seed and 0.36% sunflower oil, and (2) SFS: 17% barley silage, 34.6% barley grain, 40% sunflower seed incorporated into alfalfa cubes (cubes comprised 18% whole sunflower seed and 82% alfalfa hay), and 6.5% heat-treated soybean meal. The ingredients in the two diets were adjusted so that they would provide similar levels of energy (1.5 MCal kg-1) and have similar nutrient composition with regard to protein (16.7%), ether extract (5.2%) and fibre components (41%). Milk samples were collected, on 2 d prior to initiation of treatment diets and on days 6, 7, 13, 14, 20 and 21 of each experimental period. Cholecystokinin and insulin concentrations in blood samples collected at the start and end of each experimental period indicated no significant differences. Dry matter and net energy intake of cows fed the SBS and SFS were 23.3 and 21.4 ± 0.9 kg d-1 ; 34.4 and 31.6 ± 1.4 Mcal d-1 , respectively, and in vitro volatile fatty acid concentration after 24 h of incubation was 123.3 and 114.7 ± 1.3 mM, respectively, and lower (P < 0.05) for the SFS diet. Milk, milk fat, protein and lactose yields from cows fed the SBS and SFS diets were similar (32.9 and 32.0 ± 2.4; 1.10 and 0.97 ± 0.07; 1.05 and 1.00 ± 0.05; 1.46 and 1.39 ± 0.12, respectively), but the CLA cis-9, trans-11 concentrations in the milk from cows fed the SBS and SFS diets were 4.05 and 7.28 mg g-1 of lipid and resulted in 66% higher (P < 0.01) CLA yield (g d-1) in milk for cows fed the SFS diet. This study confirmed that feeding sunflower seeds as a component of a hay cube increased CLA yield in the milk of dairy cows without affecting yields of other milk components., Z. 2004. Incidence du soja et du tournesol sur la production laitière, la composition du lait en acides gras et le rendement en acide linoléique conjugué. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 84: 113-124. Les auteurs ont utilisé huit vaches parvenues à la moitié du cycle de lactation pour vérifier les effets d'une ration contenant du soja (GS) ou des graines de tournesol (GT) sur le rendement en acide linoléique conjugué (ALC) et sa concentration dans le lait lors de deux périodes de trois semaines. Les animaux ont reçu une ration standard pendant les deux semaines qui précédaient les essais puis ont été affectés à l'un des deux régimes pour les deux périodes dans le cadre d'une expéri-ence 2 × 2 avec permutation. Les rations expé...

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“…However, the reports seem to be inconsistent. Despite numerous reports of a lack of alteration in rumen NH 3 -N concentration (Casper et al 1988;Schauff & Clark 1989;Gü lşen et al 2000), Jenkins and Palmquist (1984) reported a significant increase in microbial protein synthesis in response to supplemental fat.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Impacts of calcium addition and different oil types and levels onin vitrorumen fermentation and digestibility

Gülşen

Umucalilar

İnal

et al. 2006

Archives of Animal Nutrition

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This in vitro study was designed to investigate the effects of calcium addition to substrates differing in source and level of oil on fermentation, gas production, and digestibility parameters. Substrates were made from basal mixtures containing three levels of calcium salt (0, 1, and 2% CaCl2) to contain three levels (3, 6, and 9%) of two types (sunflower and soy) of oil. After collecting from two Holstein bulls and mixing with buffer, rumen fluid was used to incubate the resulting 18 mixtures in duplicate. Ionizable calcium, pH and NH3-N concentration were measured during incubation. Gas production was measured at 6, 12, 24, and 48 h after incubation. Kinetics parameters of gas production and in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) were calculated from regression coefficients of an exponential equation and a linear equation, respectively. Data were analysed using 3-way ANOVA with repeated measure option in which the parameter time was a subplot. Oil type did not affect pH and ionizable calcium concentration. There were linear increases and decreases in pH and ionizable calcium concentration in response to increasing oil and calcium levels, respectively. However, with increasing oil levels there were no interactions between calcium addition and oil level on pH and ionizable calcium concentration. None of the treatments affected NH3-N concentration. The amount of gas produced from substrates containing sunflower oil was greater than soy oil (41.7 vs. 40.5 ml). Cumulative gas production and amount of gas production from insoluble but slowly fermentable portion of the supplemental mixtures linearly decreased and linearly increased as oil and calcium levels increased in the substrates, respectively. However, interactions of calcium addition and oil level on gas production and kinetics of gas production were lacking. Oil type did not affect IVDMD. Despite lacking main effects, interaction of calcium addition and oil level indicated that increasing calcium level alleviated depression in IVDMD resulting from increasing oil level. In conclusion, increasing oil level depressed, whereas calcium addition stimulated ruminal fermentation. Improvement in IVDMD may partially support that calcium addition alleviates the adverse effects of oil and that more calcium is needed when diets are supplemented with increasing amounts of oil.

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Lactational Responses of Dairy Cows to Diets Containing Regular and High Oleic Acid Sunflower Seeds

Cited by 54 publications

References 20 publications

Performance of dairy cows fed roasted sunflower seed

Performance of dairy cows fed roasted sunflower seed

Effect of dietary soybean or sunflower seeds on milk production, milk fatty acid profile and yield of conjugated linoleic acid

Impacts of calcium addition and different oil types and levels onin vitrorumen fermentation and digestibility

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