Lactic acid bacteria from raw milk as potentially beneficial strains to prevent bovine mastitis

Espeche, María Carolina; Pellegrino, Matías Santiago; Frola, Ignacio D; Larriestra, Alejandro; Bogni, Cristina; Nader‐Macías, María Elena Fátima

doi:10.1016/j.anaerobe.2012.01.002

Cited by 105 publications

(91 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Bovine mastitis is the most frequent disease in dairy farms and has a significant impact on dairy farming business (Espeche et al, 2012). In Italy the cost of mastitis is estimated at 318 euros/head (Zecconi and Di Bella, 2013) and is one of the major causes of cow culling.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Management factors and cow traits influencing milk somatic cell counts and teat hyperkeratosis during different seasons

et al. 2014

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-The objective of the study was to analyze the effect of season, parity, stage of lactation and milking procedures on teat-end condition, cow cleanliness and milk somatic cell count (SCC) and identify risk factors associated with milk somatic cell counts greater than 100,000 cells/mL. A group of 15 Italian dairy farms were visited three times during different seasons: the cold (3.8 °C), the hot (23.5 °C) and the mild (12.1 °C) seasons. Hygiene of udder, flanks and legs was scored on 2,330 cows based on a 4-point scale system, from very clean (score 1) to very dirty skin (score 4). On the same cows, a total of 9,201 teats were assessed for teat-end condition and assigned to four different classes of hyperkeratosis: No lesion (N), Smooth ring (S), Rough (R) and Very rough skin (VR). The average percentage of teats classified in the worst classes of hyperkeratosis (R and VR) equaled 15.9%. Teat hyperkeratosis, cow cleanliness and milk somatic cell count were significantly affected by the season. Teat condition was significantly better in primiparous than in multiparous cows and deteriorated during lactation. Cows with the lowest values of SCC, better teat conditions and better hygiene scores were found in the farms where more than one milking practice (among forestripping, pre-dipping and post-dipping) were performed. Multivariate logistic analysis confirmed that parity and days of lactation significantly influence the risk of high somatic cell count. Among environmental and management aspects, clean udders and pre-dipping are associated with a reduced likelihood to have individual cows with milk SCC greater than 100,000 cells/mL. Teat hyperkeratosis does not seem to be a risk factor of high SCC. Milk somatic cell count can be lowered by means of simple actions such as improvement of hygiene condition of cow environment and adoption of pre-dipping.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Management factors and cow traits influencing milk somatic cell counts and teat hyperkeratosis during different seasons

et al. 2014

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“…In cattle, direct feeding of L. acidophilus NP51 induces a decrease in the prevalence of E. coli O157 infection (11). Lactic acid bacteria isolated from raw milk, as well as the mammary glands of clinically healthy or mastitic cows, are potentially beneficial strains for preventing bovine mastitis (12,13). Intramammary inoculation of L. perolens CRL 1724 into the bovine udder produces a mild inflammatory response, which is characterized by recruitment of neutrophils to the epithelial zone but does not involve epithelial cell necrosis or apoptosis or any morphological modifications in the nucleolus and nuclear membrane (14).…”

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confidence: 99%

Lactobacillus rhamnosus GR-1 Ameliorates Escherichia coli-Induced Inflammation and Cell Damage via Attenuation of ASC-Independent NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation

Liu

Yang

et al. 2016

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Escherichia coli is a major environmental pathogen causing bovine mastitis, which leads to mammary tissue damage and cell death. We explored the effects of the probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus GR-1 on ameliorating E. coli-induced inflammation and cell damage in primary bovine mammary epithelial cells (BMECs). Increased Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), NOD1, and NOD2 mRNA expression was observed following E. coli challenge, but this increase was attenuated by L. rhamnosus GR-1 pretreatment. Immunofluorescence and Western blot analyses revealed that L. rhamnosus GR-1 pretreatment decreased the E. coli-induced increases in the expression of the NOD-like receptor family member pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) and the serine protease caspase 1. However, expression of the adaptor protein apoptosis-associated speck-like protein (ASC, encoded by the Pycard gene) was decreased during E. coli infection, even with L. rhamnosus GR-1 pretreatment. Pretreatment with L. rhamnosus GR-1 counteracted the E. coli-induced increases in interleukin-1␤ (IL-1␤), -6, -8, and -18 and tumor necrosis factor alpha mRNA expression but upregulated IL-10 mRNA expression. Our data indicate that L. rhamnosus GR-1 reduces the adhesion of E. coli to BMECs, subsequently ameliorating E. coli-induced disruption of cellular morphology and ultrastructure and limiting detrimental inflammatory responses, partly via promoting TLR2 and NOD1 synergism and attenuating ASC-independent NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Although the residual pathogenic activity of L. rhamnosus, the dosage regimen, and the means of probiotic supplementation in cattle remain undefined, our data enhance our understanding of the mechanism of action of this candidate probiotic, allowing for development of specific probiotic-based therapies and strategies for preventing pathogenic infection of the bovine mammary gland. Mastitis affects cows in all regions of the world and can cause a decrease in milk production and quality, resulting in a major economic burden to the dairy industry (1). Escherichia coli is by far the most common cause of mastitis, since it is isolated in more than 80% of cases of coliform mastitis (2). Antibiotic therapy frequently leaves residues in milk, potentially facilitating the development of antibiotic resistance. Probiotics represent a novel alternative to antibiotics for controlling pathogen infections.Lactobacillus rhamnosus GR-1 is a probiotic bacterium isolated from the female urethra, and oral ingestion of L. rhamnosus GR-1 and L. fermentum RC-14 reduces vaginal colonization by pathogenic bacteria and yeasts and maintains urogenital health in women (3). Pretreatment of pregnant CD-1 mice with L. rhamnosus GR-1 culture supernatant decreases lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced production of various cytokines and chemokines (4). Lactobacillus rhamnosus GR-1 suppresses expression of nuclear factor (NF)-B-related inflammatory genes and activates alternate mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and activator protein 1 pathways to recruit host defense factors...

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“…In recent years, the concept of biological control has emerged as one interesting sustainable alternative to fight against pathogens. The range of applications of probiotic bacteria thus has broadened, and they are now considered a possibility for alternative treatments against mastitis (15,16). The inhibitory activities of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) with a GRAS (generally recognized as safe) status against pathogens have been under scrutiny to address the problem of pathogen colonization in different ecosystems.…”

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confidence: 99%

Inhibition of Staphylococcus aureus Invasion into Bovine Mammary Epithelial Cells by Contact with Live Lactobacillus casei

Bouchard

Rault

Berkova

et al. 2013

Appl Environ Microbiol

105

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Staphylococcus aureus is a major pathogen that is responsible for mastitis in dairy herds. S. aureus mastitis is difficult to treat and prone to recurrence despite antibiotic treatment. The ability of S. aureus to invade bovine mammary epithelial cells (bMEC) is evoked to explain this chronicity. One sustainable alternative to treat or prevent mastitis is the use of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) as mammary probiotics. In this study, we tested the ability of Lactobacillus casei strains to prevent invasion of bMEC by two S. aureus bovine strains, RF122 and Newbould305, which reproducibly induce acute and moderate mastitis, respectively. L. casei strains affected adhesion and/or internalization of S. aureus in a strain-dependent manner. Interestingly, L. casei CIRM-BIA 667 reduced S. aureus Newbould305 and RF122 internalization by 60 to 80%, and this inhibition was confirmed for two other L. casei strains, including one isolated from bovine teat canal. The protective effect occurred without affecting bMEC morphology and viability. Once internalized, the fate of S. aureus was not affected by L. casei. It should be noted that L. casei was internalized at a low rate but survived in bMEC cells with a better efficiency than that of S. aureus RF122. Inhibition of S. aureus adhesion was maintained with heat-killed L. casei, whereas contact between live L. casei and S. aureus or bMEC was required to prevent S. aureus internalization. This first study of the antagonism of LAB toward S. aureus in a mammary context opens avenues for the development of novel control strategies against this major pathogen.

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Lactic acid bacteria from raw milk as potentially beneficial strains to prevent bovine mastitis

Cited by 105 publications

References 43 publications

Management factors and cow traits influencing milk somatic cell counts and teat hyperkeratosis during different seasons

Management factors and cow traits influencing milk somatic cell counts and teat hyperkeratosis during different seasons

Lactobacillus rhamnosus GR-1 Ameliorates Escherichia coli-Induced Inflammation and Cell Damage via Attenuation of ASC-Independent NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation

Inhibition of Staphylococcus aureus Invasion into Bovine Mammary Epithelial Cells by Contact with Live Lactobacillus casei

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