Lactobacillus GG restoration of the gliadin induced epithelial barrier disruption: the role of cellular polyamines

Orlando, Antonella; Linsalata, Michele; Notarnicola, Maria; Tutino, Valeria; Russo, Francesco

doi:10.1186/1471-2180-14-19

Cited by 89 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…For example, they can downregulate proinflammatory cytokines by inhibiting proinflammatory nuclear factor jB and increasing expression of cytoprotective heat shock proteins [56], inducing mucosal immunoglobulin A production and providing protection against respiratory influenza virus infection [57], restoration of the gliadin-induced epithelial barrier disruption and enhancing intestinal epithelial integrity [58], and affecting pain perception and gut motility by targeting sensory nerves in the nervous system [59].…”

Section: Probiotics and Prebioticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gut microbiota and the development of pediatric diseases

2015

J Gastroenterol

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The human gut harbors a huge number of microbes, which are collectively named ''microbiota.'' The dynamic composition of the human gut microbiota is determined by multiple factors, including mode of delivery, diet, environment, and antibiotics. A healthy gut microbiota is helpful to the host in many aspects, including providing nutrients, protection from pathogens, and maturation of immune responses. Dysbiosis plays important roles in various diseases in infancy and later life: necrotizing enterocolitis, inflammatory bowel disease, obesity, and atopic diseases are some examples. Studies of functional metagenomics by newly developed techniques, such as next-generation sequencing, will not only elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying gut microbiota-host interactions but will also provide new possibilities for disease prevention and treatment.

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Section: Probiotics and Prebioticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gut microbiota and the development of pediatric diseases

2015

J Gastroenterol

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“…Indeed, gluten-degrading bacteria have been isolated from the gastrointestinal tracts of humans and pigs (21)(22)(23)(24)(25). Previously, it was shown that Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG improves the intestinal permeability of Caco-2 cells when exposed to gliadin peptides (26). Strains belonging to the Bifidobacterium genus (e.g., Bifidobacterium longum CECT 7347, Bifidobacterium bifidum CECT 7365) decreased the cytotoxic and inflammatory effects of gluten peptides (25,27).…”

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confidence: 99%

Selected Probiotic Lactobacilli Have the Capacity To Hydrolyze Gluten Peptides during Simulated Gastrointestinal Digestion

Francavilla

Angelis

Rizzello

et al. 2017

Appl Environ Microbiol

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The aim of this study was to demonstrate the capacity of probiotic lactobacilli to hydrolyze immunogenic gluten peptides. Eighteen commercial strains of probiotic lactobacilli with highly variable peptidase activity (i.e., aminopeptidase N, iminopeptidase, prolyl endopeptidyl peptidase, tripeptidase, prolidase, prolinase, and dipeptidase), including toward Pro-rich peptides, were tested in this study. Ten probiotic strains were selected on the basis of their specific enzyme activity. When pooled, these 10 strains provided the peptidase portfolio that is required to completely degrade the immunogenic gluten peptides involved in celiac disease (CD). The selected probiotic mixture was able to completely hydrolyze well-known immunogenic epitopes, including the gliadin 33-mer peptide, the peptide spanning residues 57 to 68 of the ␣9-gliadin (␣9-gliadin peptide 57-68), A-gliadin peptide 62-75, and ␥-gliadin peptide 62-75. During digestion under simulated gastrointestinal conditions, the pool of 10 selected probiotic lactobacilli strongly hydrolyzed the wheat bread gluten (ca. 18,000 ppm) to less than 10 ppm after 360 min of treatment. As determined by multidimensional chromatography (MDLC) coupled to nanoelectrospray ionization (nano-ESI)-tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS), no known immunogenic peptides were detected in wheat bread that was digested in the presence of the probiotics. Accordingly, the level of cytokines (interleukin 2 [IL-2], IL-10, and interferon gamma [IFN-␥]) produced by duodenal biopsy specimens from CD patients who consumed wheat bread digested by probiotics was similar to the baseline value (negative control). Probiotics that specifically hydrolyze gluten polypeptides could also be used to hydrolyze immunogenic peptides that contaminate gluten-free products. This could provide a new and safe adjunctive therapy alternative to the gluten-free diet (GFD).IMPORTANCE This study confirmed that probiotic Lactobacillus strains have different enzymatic abilities for hydrolyzing polypeptides, including the Pro-rich epitopes involved in the pathology of CD. Ten lactobacilli with complementary peptidase activities that hydrolyze gluten peptides during simulated gastrointestinal digestion were selected and tested. The results collected showed the potential of probiotic formulas as novel dietary treatments for CD patients.KEYWORDS celiac disease, probiotic lactobacilli, peptidases, gluten immunogenic peptides, cytokines C eliac disease (CD) is an immune-mediated enteropathy that is triggered by the ingestion of gluten (in genetically susceptible individuals) and that results from the interaction between gluten and immune, genetic, and environmental factors (1). The prevalence of CD is as high as 1% in European countries (2), and its clinical

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“…Another study demonstrated that the administration of LGG on CaCo-2 cells exposed to gliadin and with an altered permeability is associated to a restoration of barrier function, by acting on ZO-1, Claudin-1 and occludin gene expression. Cellular polyamines are necessary for LGG action on tight junctions [58]. It was proven that LGG ameliorates intestinal epithelial barrier also by inducing human intestinal fibroblasts-responsive proteins production.…”

Section: Bacteria Involved In Mhmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gut Microbiota: A Key Modulator of Intestinal Healing in Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Lopetuso

Petito

Zambrano

et al. 2016

Dig Dis

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Mucosal healing (MH) represents a crucial factor for maintaining gut homeostasis. Indeed, in inflammatory bowel disease, MH has become the standard therapeutical target, because it is associated with more effective disease control, more frequent steroid-free remission, lower rates of hospitalization and surgery, and improved quality of life. In this scenario, gut microbiota is a crucial player in modulating intestinal repair and regeneration process. It can act on the tumor necrosis factor-α production, modulation of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, activity of matrix metalloproteinases and on many other mechanisms strictly involved in restoring gut health. In this review, we analyze and review the literature on the role of gut microbiota in sustaining mucosal injury and achieving MH.

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Lactobacillus GG restoration of the gliadin induced epithelial barrier disruption: the role of cellular polyamines

Cited by 89 publications

References 46 publications

Gut microbiota and the development of pediatric diseases

Gut microbiota and the development of pediatric diseases

Selected Probiotic Lactobacilli Have the Capacity To Hydrolyze Gluten Peptides during Simulated Gastrointestinal Digestion

Gut Microbiota: A Key Modulator of Intestinal Healing in Inflammatory Bowel Disease

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