Lactobacillus paracasei HII01, xylooligosaccharides, and synbiotics reduce gut disturbance in obese rats

Thiennimitr, Parameth; Yasom, Sakawdaurn; Tunapong, Wannipa; Chunchai, Titikorn; Wanchai, Keerati; Pongchaidecha, Anchalee; Lungkaphin, Anusorn; Sirilun, Sasithorn; Chaiyasut, Chaiyavat; Chattipakorn, Nipon

doi:10.1016/j.nut.2018.03.005

Cited by 90 publications

(68 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Likewise, STZ-induced diabetic rats showed significantly increased serum lipoperoxide levels and LPS-induced serum TNF-α activities after F I G U R E 9 The proposed mechanism of antihyperglycemic action of RH-XOS in T2DM rats which modified from Canfora et al (2015) 24 weeks of experiment (Qiang et al, 1998). Our finding is similar to an earlier report that treatment with XOS in obese insulin-resistant rats reduced LPS level in the serum and proinflammatory cytokines gene expression, resulting in beneficial effect on insulin resistance (Thiennimitr et al, 2018). Significantly reduced endotoxin levels in RH-XOS, metformin, and RH-XOS combined with metformin supplementations in T2DM rats were demonstrated compared with DMC.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

“…Lowgrade inflammation was initiated by the alteration of intestinal microbiota, especially gram-negative bacteria-derived LPS, which increased metabolic endotoxemia through the impaired intestinal barrier function and leads to chronic systemic inflammation development via LPS/TLR4 signal transduction pathway (Han & Lin, 2014;Thiennimitr et al, 2018). Lowgrade inflammation was initiated by the alteration of intestinal microbiota, especially gram-negative bacteria-derived LPS, which increased metabolic endotoxemia through the impaired intestinal barrier function and leads to chronic systemic inflammation development via LPS/TLR4 signal transduction pathway (Han & Lin, 2014;Thiennimitr et al, 2018).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Antihyperglycemic effect of rice husk derived xylooligosaccharides in high‐fat diet and low‐dose streptozotocin‐induced type 2 diabetic rat model

Khat‐udomkiri

Toejing

Sirilun

et al. 2019

Food Science & Nutrition

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Rice husk (RH) is an agricultural waste obtained from rice milling process. Our previous study demonstrated the optimized process of extracting xylooligosaccharides (XOS), a prebiotic that can support the growth and activity of beneficial gut microbiota, from RH. Accumulated evidences indicate that the composition of gut microbiota is involved in the progression of insulin resistance and diabetes. This study aims to evaluate the antihyperglycemic effect and putative mechanisms of RH-XOS using a diabetic rat model induced by high-fat diet and streptozotocin injection. Diabetic rats were randomly assigned to receive vehicle (DMC), XOS (DM-XOS), metformin (DMM), and a combination of XOS and metformin (DMM-XOS). An additional group of rats were fed with normal diet plus vehicle (NDC) and normal diet plus XOS (ND-XOS). Supplementation with RH-XOS for 12 weeks successfully decreased the fasting plasma glucose, insulin, leptin, and LPS levels in DM-XOS compared with DMC. Likewise, the insulin-stimulated glucose uptake assessed by in vitro study was significantly enhanced in DM-XOS, DMM, and DMM-XOS. The diminished protein expressions of GLUT4 and pAkt Ser473 as well as pAMPK Thr172 were significantly modulated in DM-XOS, DMM, and DMM-XOS groups. Interestingly, RH-XOS supplementation reversed the changed gut permeability, elevated the number of beneficial bacteria, both Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium spp., and increased SCFAs production. Taken together, the results confirm the efficacy of RH-XOS in achieving good glycemic control in diabetes by maintenance of gut microbiota and attenuation of endotoxemia.The findings reveal the benefits of RH-XOS and open an opportunity to improve its value by its development as a nutraceutical for diabetes. K E Y W O R D Santihyperglycemia, diabetes mellitus, gut microbiota, prebiotic, rice husk, xylooligosaccharides | 429 KHAT-UDOMKIRI eT Al.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antihyperglycemic effect of rice husk derived xylooligosaccharides in high‐fat diet and low‐dose streptozotocin‐induced type 2 diabetic rat model

Khat‐udomkiri

Toejing

Sirilun

et al. 2019

Food Science & Nutrition

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“…For example, one study assessed the effects of the prebiotic XOS, probiotic L. paracasei HII01, and synbiotic (1:1 combination of both) in HFD mice for 12 weeks. The results showed that the prebiotics, probiotics, and synbiotics, all significantly improved insulin sensitivity, and attenuated dyslipidemia [99]. Body weight and visceral fat, however, showed a significant reduction only in the pre-and synbiotic-treated groups.…”

Section: Probiotics In Animal Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Probiotics: How Effective Are They in the Fight against Obesity?

2019

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Obesity has been associated with structural and functional changes in the gut microbiota. The abundance in, and diversity of, certain bacteria may favor energy harvest and metabolic pathways leading to obesity. Therefore, gut microbiota has become a potential target that can be manipulated to obtain optimal health. Probiotics have been shown to influence the composition of the gut microbiota, improve gut integrity, and restore the microbial shifts characteristic of obesity. Based on physical and biochemical parameters, metabolic and inflammatory markers, and alterations in gut microbe diversity, animal studies revealed beneficial results in obese models whereas the results in humans are sparse and inconsistent. Thus, the purpose of this review is to present evidence from animal studies and human clinical trials demonstrating the effects of various probiotic strains and their potential efficacy in improving obesity and associated metabolic dysfunctions. Furthermore, the review discusses current gaps in our understanding of how probiotics modulate gut microflora to protect against obesity. Finally, we propose future studies and methodological approaches that may shed light on the challenges facing the scientific community in deciphering the host–bacteria interaction in obesity.

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“…Recently, a newly identified probiotic strain Lactobacillus paracasei spp. HII01, from the fermentation of northern Thai pickle, showed a significant improvement in gut dysbiosis and metabolic endotoxemia in obese rats [ 17 ]. In addition, L. paracasei HII01 restored kidney function by attenuating insulin resistance and hyperglycemia in obese rats [ 18 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Putative Mechanisms Responsible for the Antihyperglycemic Action of Lactobacillus paracasei HII01 in Experimental Type 2 Diabetic Rats

et al. 2020

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Despite the updated knowledge of the impact of gut dysbiosis on diabetes, investigations into the beneficial effects of individual bacteria are still required. This study evaluates the antihyperglycemic efficacy of Lactobacillus paracasei HII01 and its possible mechanisms in diabetic rats. Diabetic rats were assigned to receive vehicle, L. paracasei HII01 (108 CFU/day), metformin 30 (mg/kg) or a combination of L. paracasei HII01 and metformin. Normal rats given vehicle and L. paracasei HII01 were included. Metabolic parameters, including in vitro hemi-diaphragm glucose uptake, skeletal insulin-signaling proteins, plasma lipopolysaccharide (LPS), gut permeability, composition of gut microbiota and its metabolites, as well as short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), were assessed after 12 weeks of experiment. The results clearly demonstrated that L. paracasei HII01 improved glycemic parameters, glucose uptake, insulin-signaling proteins including pAktSer473, glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) and phosphorylation of AMP-activated protein kinase (pAMPKThr172), tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) and nuclear factor-κB (NF-kB) in diabetic rats. Modulation of gut microbiota was found together with improvement in leaky gut, endotoxemia and SCFAs in diabetic rats administered L. paracasei HII01. In conclusion, L. paracasei HII01 alleviated hyperglycemia in diabetic rats primarily by modulating gut microbiota along with lessening leaky gut, leading to improvement in endotoxemia and inflammation-disturbed insulin signaling, which was mediated partly by PI3K/Akt signaling and AMPK activation.

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Lactobacillus paracasei HII01, xylooligosaccharides, and synbiotics reduce gut disturbance in obese rats

Cited by 90 publications

References 42 publications

Antihyperglycemic effect of rice husk derived xylooligosaccharides in high‐fat diet and low‐dose streptozotocin‐induced type 2 diabetic rat model

Antihyperglycemic effect of rice husk derived xylooligosaccharides in high‐fat diet and low‐dose streptozotocin‐induced type 2 diabetic rat model

Probiotics: How Effective Are They in the Fight against Obesity?

Putative Mechanisms Responsible for the Antihyperglycemic Action of Lactobacillus paracasei HII01 in Experimental Type 2 Diabetic Rats

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