Lactobacillus reuteri V3401 Reduces Inflammatory Biomarkers and Modifies the Gastrointestinal Microbiome in Adults with Metabolic Syndrome: The PROSIR Study

Jiménez, Carmen Tenorio; Martínez-Ramírez, M.J.; Castillo-Codes, Isabel Del; Arraiza-Irigoyen, Carmen; Tercero-Lozano, Mercedes; Camacho, José; Caproş, Natalia; García, Féderico; Olza, Josune; Plaza‐Díaz, Julio; Fontana, Luis; Olivares, Mónica; Gil, Ángel; Gómez-Llorente, Carolina

doi:10.3390/nu11081761

Cited by 69 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…The discrepancies observed are probably caused by different experimental procedures including the use of various probiotic strains. Clinical trials have also reported inconsistent results in body weight changes after a probiotic or synbiotic supplementation [38], moreover clinical trials also usually included changes in life or nutritional habits [39]. Therefore, more studies are needed to evaluate the role of synbiotic supplementation on body weight change.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beneficial Effect of a Multistrain Synbiotic Prodefen® Plus on the Systemic and Vascular Alterations Associated with Metabolic Syndrome in Rats: The Role of the Neuronal Nitric Oxide Synthase and Protein Kinase A

et al. 2020

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A high fat diet (HFD) intake is crucial for the development and progression of metabolic syndrome (MtS). Increasing evidence links gut dysbiosis with the metabolic and vascular alterations associated with MtS. Here we studied the use of a combination of various probiotic strains together with a prebiotic (synbiotic) in a commercially available Prodefen® Plus. MtS was induced by HFD (45%) in male Wistar rats. Half of the MtS animals received Prodefen® Plus for 4 weeks. At 12 weeks, we observed an increase in body weight, together with the presence of insulin resistance, liver steatosis, hypertriglyceridemia and hypertension in MtS rats. Prodefen® Plus supplementation did not affect the body weight gain but ameliorated all the MtS-related symptoms. Moreover, the hypertension induced by HFD is caused by a diminished both nitric oxide (NO) functional role and release probably due to a diminished neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) activation by protein kinase A (PKA) pathway. Prodefen® Plus supplementation for 4 weeks recovered the NO function and release and the systolic blood pressure was returned to normotensive values as a result. Overall, supplementation with Prodefen® Plus could be considered an interesting non-pharmacological approach in MtS.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beneficial Effect of a Multistrain Synbiotic Prodefen® Plus on the Systemic and Vascular Alterations Associated with Metabolic Syndrome in Rats: The Role of the Neuronal Nitric Oxide Synthase and Protein Kinase A

et al. 2020

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“…lactis HN019 (80 ml of the probiotic milk containing on average 3.4 × 10 8 CFU/ml) in patients with metabolic syndrome led to reduced weight gain and modulation of cytokines such as IL-6 and TNF-a (194). The supplementation with L. reuteri V3401 (5 × 10 9 CFU for three months) in patients with metabolic syndrome resulted in IL-6 and soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (sVCAM-1) decrease associated with a rise in the proportion of Verrucomicrobia (195).…”

Section: Obesitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti-Inflammatory and Immunomodulatory Effects of Probiotics in Gut Inflammation: A Door to the Body

et al. 2021

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Hosting millions of microorganisms, the digestive tract is the primary and most important part of bacterial colonization. On one side, in cases of opportunistic invasion, the abundant bacterial population inside intestinal tissues may face potential health problems such as inflammation and infections. Therefore, the immune system has evolved to sustain the host–microbiota symbiotic relationship. On the other hand, to maintain host immune homeostasis, the intestinal microflora often exerts an immunoregulatory function that cannot be ignored. A field of great interest is the association of either microbiota or probiotics with the immune system concerning clinical uses. This microbial community regulates some of the host’s metabolic and physiological functions and drives early-life immune system maturation, contributing to their homeostasis throughout life. Changes in gut microbiota can occur through modification in function, composition (dysbiosis), or microbiota–host interplays. Studies on animals and humans show that probiotics can have a pivotal effect on the modulation of immune and inflammatory mechanisms; however, the precise mechanisms have not yet been well defined. Diet, age, BMI (body mass index), medications, and stress may confound the benefits of probiotic intake. In addition to host gut functions (permeability and physiology), all these agents have profound implications for the gut microbiome composition. The use of probiotics could improve the gut microbial population, increase mucus-secretion, and prevent the destruction of tight junction proteins by decreasing the number of lipopolysaccharides (LPSs). When LPS binds endothelial cells to toll-like receptors (TLR 2, 4), dendritic cells and macrophage cells are activated, and inflammatory markers are increased. Furthermore, a decrease in gut dysbiosis and intestinal leakage after probiotic therapy may minimize the development of inflammatory biomarkers and blunt unnecessary activation of the immune system. In turn, probiotics improve the differentiation of T-cells against Th2 and development of Th2 cytokines such as IL-4 and IL-10. The present narrative review explores the interactions between gut microflora/probiotics and the immune system starting from the general perspective of a biological plausibility to get to the in vitro and in vivo demonstrations of a probiotic-based approach up to the possible uses for novel therapeutic strategies.

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“…Notably, high-dose GML significantly increased Lactobacillus reuteri compared to the medium-dose GML. Lactobacillus reuteri has recently been shown to have an important role in the prevention against obesity (34), systemic low-grade inflammation (35) and insulin resistance in mice (36), the improvement of MetS and the production of aryl hydrocarbon receptor ligand in the intestine of mice (37). This production plays a vital role in the improvement of intestinal barrier function and secretion of the incretin hormone Glucagon-Like Peptide (GLP)-1 (37).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial emulsifier – glycerol monolaurate impacts gut micobiome inducing distinct effects on metabolic syndrome in low-fat diet fed mice

Jiang

Xiao

Zhang

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Previous study demonstrated 150 mg·kg-1 glycerol monolaurate (GML) consumption induced gut microbiota dysbiosis and metabolic syndrome (MetS) in low-fat diet fed mice. However, little is known about the dose-effect of dietary GML modulating the gut microbiome alterations and its impacts on the induction of MetS in low-fat diet. Dietary GML-induced effects on MetS and gut microbiota alterations were investigated, combined with antibiotics-treated germ-free experiment and specific gut microbiota transplantation. Our results demonstrated that high-dose (500 mg·kg-1) GML alleviated MetS by significantly decreasing the body weight, weight gain, food intake, fat droplet size and percentage of abdominal fat, serum triglycerides (TG), LDL, LPS, TNF-α and atherogenic index, compared to the medium-dose (150 mg·kg-1) GML. Importantly, high-dose GML significantly increased Lactobacillus reuteri compared to the medium-dose GML. Co-occurrence network analysis revealed Lactobacillus reuteri was positively associated with the metabolic improvement of high-dose GML. Notably, antibiotics-treated germ-free experiment and Lactobacillus reuteri transplantation demonstrated that altered gut microbiota was necessary and sufficient for GML-induced distinct effects on metabolic syndrome. Our results indicate that GML impacts gut microbiome inducing distinct effects on metabolic syndrome, thereby calling for reassessing the safe dosage of GML and other non-specific antibacterial food additives.

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Lactobacillus reuteri V3401 Reduces Inflammatory Biomarkers and Modifies the Gastrointestinal Microbiome in Adults with Metabolic Syndrome: The PROSIR Study

Cited by 69 publications

References 36 publications

Beneficial Effect of a Multistrain Synbiotic Prodefen® Plus on the Systemic and Vascular Alterations Associated with Metabolic Syndrome in Rats: The Role of the Neuronal Nitric Oxide Synthase and Protein Kinase A

Beneficial Effect of a Multistrain Synbiotic Prodefen® Plus on the Systemic and Vascular Alterations Associated with Metabolic Syndrome in Rats: The Role of the Neuronal Nitric Oxide Synthase and Protein Kinase A

Anti-Inflammatory and Immunomodulatory Effects of Probiotics in Gut Inflammation: A Door to the Body

Antimicrobial emulsifier – glycerol monolaurate impacts gut micobiome inducing distinct effects on metabolic syndrome in low-fat diet fed mice

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