Lactoferrin: A Modulator for Immunity against Tuberculosis Related Granulomatous Pathology

Actor, Jeffrey K.

doi:10.1155/2015/409596

Cited by 14 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 93 publications

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“…The utility of oral delivered LTF was also demonstrated with statistically significant reduction in histopathology post-TDM administration in BALB/c and C57Bl/6 mice [Figure 7 ; representative data shown only for C57Bl/6 mice; data previously published by Welsh et al ( 42 )]. The oral delivered LTF demonstrated biologically relevant reduction in pathology, similar to that seen in the published results using intravenous administered rhLTF ( 127 ).…”

Section: Lactoferrin and General Physiologic Homeostasissupporting

confidence: 82%

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Lactoferrin in a Context of Inflammation-Induced Pathology

2017

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Much progress has been achieved to elucidate the function of lactoferrin (LTF), an iron-binding glycoprotein, in the milieu of immune functionality. This review represents a unique examination of LTF toward its importance in physiologic homeostasis as related to development of disease-associated pathology. The immunomodulatory nature of this protein derives from its unique ability to “sense” the immune activation status of an organism and act accordingly. Underlying mechanisms are proposed whereby LTF controls disease states, thereby pinpointing regions of entry for LTF in maintenance of various physiological pathways to limit the magnitude of tissue damage. LTF is examined as a first line mediator in immune defense and response to pathogenic and non-pathogenic injury, as well as a molecule critical for control of oxidative cell function. Mechanisms of interaction of LTF with its receptors are examined, with a focus on protective effects via regulation of enzyme activities and reactive oxygen species production, immune deviation, and prevention of cell apoptosis. Indeed, LTF serves as a critical control point in physiologic homeostasis, functioning as a sensor of immunological performance related to pathology. Specific mediation of tissue pathophysiology is described for maintenance of intestinal integrity during endotoxemia, elicited airway inflammation due to allergens, and pulmonary damage during tuberculosis. Finally, the role of LTF to alter differentiation of adaptive immune function is examined, with specific recognition of its utility as a vaccine adjuvant to control subsequent lymphocytic reactivity. Overall, it is clear that while the ability of LTF to both sequester iron and to direct reactive oxygen intermediates is a major factor in lessening damage due to excessive inflammatory responses, further effects are apparent through direct control over development of higher order immune functions that regulate pathology due to insult and injury. This culminates in attenuation of pathological damage during inflammatory injury.

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Section: Lactoferrin and General Physiologic Homeostasissupporting

confidence: 82%

“…Photomicrographs were previously described in detail, and represent studies published in full in Welsh et al ( 42 ). Similar results were described using recombinant human LTF ( 127 ). Sections were visualized at 100× magnification, stained with hematoxylin and eosin.…”

Section: Lactoferrin and General Physiologic Homeostasissupporting

confidence: 78%

Lactoferrin in a Context of Inflammation-Induced Pathology

2017

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“…CHO expressed recombinant human LF (endotoxin is < 0.2 EU/mg) was kindly provided by PharmaReview Corporation (Houston, TX) [20,36]. …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recombinant human lactoferrin modulates human PBMC derived macrophage responses to BCG and LPS

2016

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Lactoferrin, an iron-binding glycoprotein found in mammalian mucosal secretions and granules of neutrophils, possesses several immune modulatory properties. Published reports indicate that lactoferrin enhances the efficacy of the tuberculosis vaccine, BCG (Bacillus Calmette Guerin), both by increasing macrophage and dendritic cell ability to stimulate receptive T cells and by modulating the inflammatory response. This report is the first to demonstrate the effects of a recombinant human lactoferrin (10 μg/ mL) on human PBMC derived CD14+ and CD16+ macrophages stimulated with a strong (LPS, 10 ng/mL) or weaker (BCG, MOI 1:1) stimulator of inflammation. After 3 days culture, LPS and human lactoferrin treated CD14+ cells significantly increased production of IL-10, IL-6, and MCP-1 compared to the LPS only group. In contrast, similarly treated CD16+ macrophages increased production of IL-12p40 and IL-10 and decreased TNF-α. Limited changes were observed in BCG stimulated CD14+ and CD16+ macrophages with and without lactoferrin. Analysis of surface expression of antigen presentation and co-stimulatory molecules demonstrated that CD14+ macrophages, when stimulated with BCG or LPS and cultured with lactoferrin, increased expression of CD86. CD16+ macrophages treated with lactoferrin showed a similar trend of increase in CD86 expression, but only when stimulated with BCG.

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“…This peptide exists in neutrophil granules, milk, tears, saliva, sweat, nasal secretions, and the genital tract. It exerts antibacterial and antifungal activity through microbial membrane disruption as well as iron sequestration, thus repressing microorganism growth [39–41].…”

Section: Biological-based Approaches For Burn Wound Healingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanomedicine and advanced technologies for burns: Preventing infection and facilitating wound healing

Jahromi

Zangabad

Basri

et al. 2018

Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews

406

189

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According to the latest report from the World Health Organization, an estimated 265,000 deaths still occur every year as a direct result of burn injuries. A widespread range of these deaths induced by burn wound happens in low- and middle-income countries, where survivors face a lifetime of morbidity. Most of the deaths occur due to infections when a high percentage of the external regions of the body area is affected. Microbial nutrient availability, skin barrier disruption, and vascular supply destruction in burn injuries as well as systemic immunosuppression are important parameters that cause burns to be susceptible to infections. Topical antimicrobials and dressings are generally employed to inhibit burn infections followed by a burn wound therapy, because systemic antibiotics have problems in reaching the infected site, coupled with increasing microbial drug resistance. Nanotechnology has provided a range of molecular designed nanostructures (NS) that can be used in both therapeutic and diagnostic applications in burns. These NSs can be divided into organic and non-organic (such as polymeric nanoparticles (NPs) and silver NPs, respectively), and many have been designed to display multifunctional activity. The present review covers the physiology of skin, burn classification, burn wound pathogenesis, animal models of burn wound infection, and various topical therapeutic approaches designed to combat infection and stimulate healing. These include biological based approaches (e.g. immune-based antimicrobial molecules, therapeutic microorganisms, antimicrobial agents, etc.), antimicrobial photo- and ultrasound-therapy, as well as nanotechnology-based wound healing approaches as a revolutionizing area. Thus, we focus on organic and non-organic NSs designed to deliver growth factors to burned skin, and scaffolds, dressings, etc. for exogenous stem cells to aid skin regeneration. Eventually, recent breakthroughs and technologies with substantial potentials in tissue regeneration and skin wound therapy (that are as the basis of burn wound therapies) are briefly taken into consideration including 3D-printing, cell-imprinted substrates, nano-architectured surfaces, and novel gene-editing tools such as CRISPR-Cas.

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Lactoferrin: A Modulator for Immunity against Tuberculosis Related Granulomatous Pathology

Cited by 14 publications

References 93 publications

Lactoferrin in a Context of Inflammation-Induced Pathology

Lactoferrin in a Context of Inflammation-Induced Pathology

Recombinant human lactoferrin modulates human PBMC derived macrophage responses to BCG and LPS

Nanomedicine and advanced technologies for burns: Preventing infection and facilitating wound healing

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