Lactoferrin could alleviate liver injury caused by Maillard reaction products with furan ring through regulating necroptosis pathway

Abstract

As classical MRPs, the toxic effects of furosine, pyralline, and 5‐hydroxymethylfurfural (5‐HMF) in liver tissue are evaluated and the related mechanism is investigated here, and the protective effects of lactoferrin on liver injury caused by Maillard reaction products (MRPs) with furan ring are proved in vitro and in vivo. First, we detect the concentrations of furosine, pyralline, and 5‐HMF in several foods using ultrahigh‐performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC). Then, the effects of the three MRPs on liver cells (HL‐7702) viability, as well as liver tissue, are performed and evaluated. Furthermore, the regulations of three MRPs on necroptosis‐related pathway in liver cells are investigated. Additionally, the effects of lactoferrin in alleviating liver injury, as well as regulating necroptosis pathway, were evaluated. Results elucidate that lactoferrin protects liver injury caused by MRPs with furan ring structure through activating RIPK1/RIPK3/p‐MLKL necroptosis pathway and downstream inflammatory reaction.

Evaluation of Advanced Glycation End Products, Oxidative Stress and Antioxidants and their Relationship in Diabetic patients

“…These results are consistent with some previous report investigations which reported that the serum level of AGEs are significantly higher in DM patients as compared with the control group (Wang et al, 2019, Sun et al, 2020, Ramasamy et al, 2016. Recently a similar pattern of data has been obtained, about a significant increase in CML, CEL, and Pyralline serum levels in DM patients (Nakano et al, 2020, El Jellas et al, 2022, Fan et al, 2021. Based on our data, we hypothesize that persistent hyperglycemia increases the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) from a variety of sources in diabetic individuals.…”