Lacustrine carbonates in rift settings: the interaction of volcanic and microbial processes on carbonate deposition

Wright, V. Paul

doi:10.1144/sp370.2

Cited by 113 publications

(109 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Subsequently, the nodes on the second coarsest grid were simulated and so on. The relationship between " " different grids was expressed in (3). Figure 3 shows an example in which three multiple grids are used ( = 3):…”

Section: Snesim Algorithmmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The latter processes influence the size and shape of pores, producing some of the most complex pore networks recorded in sedimentary rocks. Recent hydrocarbon discoveries highlighted the continental carbonate reservoir potential in the presalt exploration, offshore Brazil [2,3] and in the Namibe basin, Angola [4][5][6]. Quantitative data about lithofacies' occurrence, distributions, and their related porosity and permeability are key to understanding the reservoir behavior.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Lattice Boltzmann Simulations of Fluid Flow in Continental Carbonate Reservoir Rocks and in Upscaled Rock Models Generated with Multiple-Point Geostatistics

Soete

Claes

et al. 2017

Geofluids

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Microcomputed tomography ( CT) and Lattice Boltzmann Method (LBM) simulations were applied to continental carbonates to quantify fluid flow. Fluid flow characteristics in these complex carbonates with multiscale pore networks are unique and the applied method allows studying their heterogeneity and anisotropy. 3D pore network models were introduced to single-phase flow simulations in Palabos, a software tool for particle-based modelling of classic computational fluid dynamics. In addition, permeability simulations were also performed on rock models generated with multiple-point geostatistics (MPS). This allowed assessing the applicability of MPS in upscaling high-resolution porosity patterns into large rock models that exceed the volume limitations of the CT. Porosity and tortuosity control fluid flow in these porous media. Micro-and mesopores influence flow properties at larger scales in continental carbonates. Upscaling with MPS is therefore necessary to overcome volume-resolution problems of CT scanning equipment. The presented LBM-MPS workflow is applicable to other lithologies, comprising different pore types, shapes, and pore networks altogether. The lack of straightforward porosity-permeability relationships in complex carbonates highlights the necessity for a 3D approach. 3D fluid flow studies provide the best understanding of flow through porous media, which is of crucial importance in reservoir modelling.

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Section: Snesim Algorithmmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lattice Boltzmann Simulations of Fluid Flow in Continental Carbonate Reservoir Rocks and in Upscaled Rock Models Generated with Multiple-Point Geostatistics

Soete

Claes

et al. 2017

Geofluids

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“…Microbialites are a common component of lacustrine settings, both in modern and ancient settings. Wright (2012) recognizes that microbial buildups form in three main settings: (1) shallow lakes, spreading over extensive areas, such as Great Salt Lake in Utah; (2) deeper lakes, in discrete bathymetrically controlled facies belts such as Lake Tanganyika; and (3) associated with springs. When associated with springs, Wright (2012) notes that it is important to recognize the mechanism triggering carbonate precipitation: in shallow lakes, carbonate spring precipitation can be triggered by degassing, whereas in deep stratified lakes, Caenriched springwaters are responsible for carbonate precipitation (i.e.…”

Section: Advances In Carbonate Exploration and Reservoir Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in carbonate exploration and reservoir analysis

Garland¹,

Neilson

Laubach

et al. 2012

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The development of innovative techniques and concepts, and the emergence of new plays in carbonate rocks are creating a resurgence of oil and gas discoveries worldwide. The maturity of a basin and the application of exploration concepts have a fundamental influence on exploration strategies. Exploration success often occurs in underexplored basins by applying existing established geological concepts. This approach is commonly undertaken when new basins 'open up' owing to previous political upheavals. The strategy of using new techniques in a proven mature area is particularly appropriate when dealing with unconventional resources (heavy oil, bitumen, stranded gas), while the application of new play concepts (such as lacustrine carbonates) to new areas (i.e. ultra-deep South Atlantic basins) epitomizes frontier exploration.Many low-matrix-porosity hydrocarbon reservoirs are productive because permeability is controlled by fractures and faults. Understanding basic fracture properties is critical in reducing geological risk and therefore reducing well costs and increasing well recovery. The advent of resource plays in carbonate rocks, and the long-standing recognition of naturally fractured carbonate reservoirs means that new fracture and fault analysis and prediction techniques and concepts are essential.A key area of progress has been integration of stratigraphic, structural, geomechanical and diagenetic analysis to populate reservoir models accurately. Dramatic increases in computing and digital imaging capabilities are being harnessed to improve spatial analysis and spatial statistics in reservoirs and ultimately improve 3D geocellular models.

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“…1. Schematic drawing and cross-section of the location and transitions between different non-marine depositional environments and their deposits (based on Freytet and Plaziat, 1982;Arp, 1995;Pedley and Rogerson, 2010;Brasier, 2011;Wright, 2012;Della Porta, 2015) considered in this review. The extent of the reference examples of Table 1 is indicated below the cross-section.…”

Section: Introduction: Non-marine Carbonates and Early Diagenesis?mentioning

confidence: 99%

What do we really know about early diagenesis of non-marine carbonates?

Boever

Brasier

Foubert

et al. 2017

Sedimentary Geology

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Non-marine carbonate rocks including cave, spring, stream, calcrete and lacustrine-palustrine sediments, are susceptible to early diagenetic processes. These can profoundly alter the carbonate fabric and affect paleoclimatic proxies. This review integrates recent insights into diagenesis of non-marine carbonates and in particular the variety of early diagenetic processes, and presents a conceptual framework to address them. With ability to study at smaller and smaller scales, down to nanometers, one can now observe diagenesis taking place the moment initial precipitates have formed, and continuing thereafter. Diagenesis may affect whole rocks, but it typically starts in nano-and micro-environments. The potential for diagenetic alteration depends on the reactivity of the initial precipitate, commonly being metastable phases like vaterite, Ca-oxalates, hydrous Mg-carbonates and aragonite with regard to the ambient fluid. Furthermore, organic compounds commonly play a crucial role in hosting these early transformations. Processes like neomorphism (inversion and recrystallization), cementation and replacement generally result in an overall coarsening of the fabric and homogenization of the wide range of complex, primary microtextures. If early diagenetic modifications are completed in a short time span compared to the (annual to millennial) time scale of interest, then recorded paleoenvironmental signals and trends could still acceptably reflect original, depositional conditions. However, even compact, non-marine carbonate deposits may behave locally and temporarily as open systems to crystal-fluid exchange and overprinting of one or more geochemical proxies is not unexpected. Looking to the future, relatively few studies have examined the behaviour of promising geochemical records, such as clumped isotope thermometry and (non-conventional) stable isotopes, in well-constrained diagenetic settings. Ongoing and future in-vitro and in-situ experimental approaches will help to investigate and detangle sequences of intermediate, diagenetic products, processes and controls, and to quantify rates of early diagenesis, bridging a gap between nanoscale, molecular lab studies and the fossil field rock record of non-marine carbonates.

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Lacustrine carbonates in rift settings: the interaction of volcanic and microbial processes on carbonate deposition

Cited by 113 publications

References 41 publications

Lattice Boltzmann Simulations of Fluid Flow in Continental Carbonate Reservoir Rocks and in Upscaled Rock Models Generated with Multiple-Point Geostatistics

Lattice Boltzmann Simulations of Fluid Flow in Continental Carbonate Reservoir Rocks and in Upscaled Rock Models Generated with Multiple-Point Geostatistics

Advances in carbonate exploration and reservoir analysis

What do we really know about early diagenesis of non-marine carbonates?

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