Lag time of modern bomb-pulse radiocarbon in human bone tissues: New data from Brazil

Ubelaker, Douglas H.; Plens, Cláudia Regina; Soriano, Evelyne Pessoa; Diniz, Marcus Vitor; Almeida, Erasmo de; Daruge, Eduardo; Júnior, Luiz Francesquini; Machado, Carlos Eduardo Palhares

doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2021.111143

Cited by 12 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Based on the regression analyses of compilation dataset, H3-1, 2, and 3 were rejected (Table 6). here, however, do not imply that other skeletal elements, trabecular bone, or bioapatite phases remodel in a similar fashion as cortical T A B L E 2 Mean (± standard deviation), median (± median absolute deviation), and maximum and IQRs of values of lag times and remodeling rates calculated for data reported in Hedges et al (2007) and compilation dataset (data from Hedges et al, 2007;Ubelaker & Parra, 2011;Ubelaker et al, 2022;Johnstone-Belford et al, 2022b). (Georgiadou & Stenström, 2010).…”

Section: Linear Regressionsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The BP year recorded in bone, denoted here as “bone year,” represents the time when the bone underwent growth or last experienced remodeling. Different skeletal elements (e.g., long bones, vertebrae), bone structures (e.g., cortical vs. trabecular bone) and phases (collagen, bioapatite carbonate) have been shown to have different lag times (Hodgins, 2009; Johnstone‐Belford et al, 2022b; Ubelaker et al, 2022) likely reflecting dissimilar remodeling rates, which are related to form and function (Martin, 2000; Parfitt, 2002, 2004), diet (Kerstetter et al, 1999), activity and trauma (Ingle et al, 1999), osteoporosis (Fang et al, 2022), among other factors (Naylor et al, 2000; Robling et al, 2006; Stout & Lueck, 1995). But as pointed out in Johnstone‐Belford and Blau (2020), bone remodeling rates are not well known due to a dearth of experimental work with known individuals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…< 0.05 QUINNUbelaker et al (2022), n = 17), andJohnstone-Belford et al (2022b, n = 18).2.2 | BP 14 C determined bone years, bone ages, lag times, and remodeling ratesBased on the reported location and the F 14 C values of each bone collagen sample, OxCal(version 4.4, Bronk, 2021) was used to determine the year ranges on both the ascending and descending portions of the associated bomb curve (SH Zone 1-2). Comparable to methods of Ubelaker and Parra (2011), the midpoint bone year is determined, and used for calculating the bone age (i.e., midpoint bone year minus year-ofbirth).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Bomb pulse ¹⁴C evidence for consistent remodeling rates of cortical femur collagen in middle‐late adulthood

Quinn

2024

American Journal of Biological Anthropology

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ObjectivesBomb pulse (BP) radiocarbon (14C) dating methods are used by forensic anthropologists to estimate the year‐of‐death (YOD) of unidentified individuals. Method resolution and accuracy depend on establishing lag times, or the difference between a tissue's BP 14C‐derived year and the YOD, of various tissue types from known deceased persons. Bone lag times span many years and are thought to increase with age as a function of slowing remodeling rates. However, remodeling rates for various skeletal elements, bone structures and phases are not well known.Materials and MethodsHere a simple method is used to estimate bone remodeling rates from a compilation of published cortical femur bone collagen BP 14C measurements (n = 102). Linear regression models and nonparametric tests are used to detect changes in lag times and remodeling rates with increasing age‐at‐death.ResultsRemodeling rates and lag times of 3.5%/year and 29 years, respectively, are estimated from individuals aged 40–97 years. In contrast to previous work, the analysis yielded modest and negligible changes in remodeling rates and lag times with advancing age. Moreover, statistically significant differences in remodeling rates and lag times were not found between reported females and males.DiscussionImplications for the temporal contexts within an individual's lifetime of biogeochemical data in archaeology and forensic anthropology are discussed, warranting additional BP 14C studies of known individuals and integration with histomorphometric analysis.

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Section: Linear Regressionsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bomb pulse ¹⁴C evidence for consistent remodeling rates of cortical femur collagen in middle‐late adulthood

Quinn

2024

American Journal of Biological Anthropology

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“…The specific skeletal element sampled and type of bone (trabecular or cortical) is also known to considerably impact the turnover time [26]. Consequently, it is possible that bone turnover may lag the individual's year of death by upwards of 30 years [43]. Therefore, in cases such as these three UHRs, where preservation restricted the skeletal elements available for sampling, the interpretation of 14 C results is further limited.…”

Section: Skeletalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radiocarbon dating as tool to assist in triaging cases of unidentified human remains in Victoria, Australia: A case series

Blau

Johnstone-Belford

Rowbotham

2023

Journal of Forensic Sciences

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In cases where human remains are unidentified because there is no initial identification hypothesis, limited contextual information, and/or poor preservation, radiocarbon (14C) dating may be a useful tool to further assist with identification. Through measuring the amount of 14C remaining in organic material, such as bone, teeth, nail, or hair, radiocarbon dating may provide an estimated year of birth and year of death for a deceased person. This information, may assist in, establishing whether a case of unidentified human remains (UHR) is actually of medicolegal significance and therefore, requires forensic investigation and identification. This case series highlights the application of 14C dating to seven of the 132 UHR cases in Victoria, Australia. Cortical bone was sampled from each case and the level of 14C was measured to provide an estimated year of death. Four of the seven cases analyzed contained the levels of 14C consistent with an archeological timeframe, one contained a level of 14C consistent with a modern (i.e., of medicolegal significance) timeframe, and the results for the remaining two samples were inconclusive. Applying this technique not only reduced the number of UHR cases in Victoria but also has investigative, cultural, and practical implications for medicolegal casework in general.

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“…The Biobank Eduardo Daruge produced over 10 papers already published [72][73][74][75][76][77][78][79][80][81][82]. Moreover, very recently, unprecedented results about the lag time of modern bomb-pulse radiocarbon in human bone tissues of a joint project between Brazilian and US researchers were published [43], and the samples used came from the three major Brazilian collections. This is only a small number of the examples of important contributions based on the identified collection that demonstrate their scientific usefulness and importance.…”

Section: Identified Osteological Collection and The Development Of Sc...mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Identified Osteological Collections of South America and Their Ethical Dimensions

2022

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Recent years have brought an important increase in the interest in identified human osteological collections in South America. Their number has been systematically growing and their sizes have been expanding, allowing the development of the field of forensic anthropology, among other disciplines, in this region. These collections are used mainly for the validation of international forensic anthropology methods for national and local populations, as well as for the training of professionals and researchers. Despite their growth, important limitation related to the lack of variability in the representativeness of individuals within these collections represents a significant drawback. Likewise, their concentration in only a few countries constitutes a noteworthy concern. This article aims at mapping the existing identified human osteological collections in South America, discussing the advances in the area of forensic anthropology that they have allowed, and reflecting upon their ethical dimensions in the South American context.

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Lag time of modern bomb-pulse radiocarbon in human bone tissues: New data from Brazil

Cited by 12 publications

References 15 publications

Bomb pulse ¹⁴C evidence for consistent remodeling rates of cortical femur collagen in middle‐late adulthood

Bomb pulse ¹⁴C evidence for consistent remodeling rates of cortical femur collagen in middle‐late adulthood

Radiocarbon dating as tool to assist in triaging cases of unidentified human remains in Victoria, Australia: A case series

The Identified Osteological Collections of South America and Their Ethical Dimensions

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Lag time of modern bomb-pulse radiocarbon in human bone tissues: New data from Brazil

Cited by 12 publications

References 15 publications

Bomb pulse 14C evidence for consistent remodeling rates of cortical femur collagen in middle‐late adulthood

Bomb pulse 14C evidence for consistent remodeling rates of cortical femur collagen in middle‐late adulthood

Radiocarbon dating as tool to assist in triaging cases of unidentified human remains in Victoria, Australia: A case series

The Identified Osteological Collections of South America and Their Ethical Dimensions

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Bomb pulse ¹⁴C evidence for consistent remodeling rates of cortical femur collagen in middle‐late adulthood

Bomb pulse ¹⁴C evidence for consistent remodeling rates of cortical femur collagen in middle‐late adulthood