It was proved in Chen and Dillen (J Math Anal Appl 379(1), [229][230][231][232][233][234][235][236][237][238][239] 2011) and Chen et al. (Differ Geom Appl 31(6), 808-819, 2013) that every Lagrangian submanifold M of a complex space formM n (4c) with constant holomorphic sectional curvature 4c satisfies the following optimal inequality:where H 2 is the squared mean curvature and δ(2, . . . , 2) is a δ-invariant on M introduced by the first author, and k is the multiplicity of 2 in δ(2, . . . , 2), where n ≥ 2k +1. This optimal inequality improves an earlier inequality obtained by the first author in Chen (Jpn J Math 26(1), 2000). The main purpose of this paper is to study Lagrangian submanifolds ofM n (4c) satisfying the equality case of the optimal inequality (A).