Lake sediments in maritime Antarctic zone: A record of landscape and biota evolution: preliminary report

Tatur, Andrzej; Valle, Rodolfo del; Pazdur, Mieczysław F.

doi:10.1080/03680770.1989.11899222

Cited by 7 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…A prominent, exceptionally thick (up to 1.6 m) ash layer found in two lakes on King George Island (Potter and Fildes peninsulas) has been attributed to this small volcanic island (Tatur et al, 1991), but no chemical data were provided to support this assumption. The absence of glaciers on Penguin Island is no evidence of heat flow and thus a young age because the island is too small to form glaciers, but the volcano's cones and craters are very well preserved, which indeed strongly indicates activity during Holocene times.…”

Section: Penguin Islandmentioning

confidence: 85%

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Geochemical signatures of tephras from Quaternary Antarctic Peninsula volcanoes

Kraus¹,

Kurbatov

Yates

2013

andgeo

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ABSTRACT. In the northern Antarctic Peninsula area, at least 12 Late Pleistocene-Holocene volcanic centers could be potential sources of tephra layers in the region. We present unique geochemical fingerprints for ten of these volcanoes using major, trace, rare earth element, and isotope data from 95 samples of tephra and other eruption products. The volcanoes have predominantly basaltic and basaltic andesitic compositions. The Nb/Y ratio proves useful to distinguish between volcanic centers located on the eastern (Larsen Rift) and those situated on the western side (Bransfield Rift) of the Antarctic Peninsula. In addition, the Sr/Nb ratio (for samples with SiO 2 <63 wt%), along with Sr/Y, Ba/La, Zr/Hf and Th/Nb are suitable to unequivocally characterize material erupted from every studied volcanic center. Microprobe analyses on volcanic glass show that the samples are generally very poor in K 2 O, and that glass from Bransfield Rift volcanoes is enriched in SiO 2 , while that of Larsen Rift volcanoes tends towards elevated alkali contents. We propose an algorithm for the identification of the source volcano of a given tephra layer using the new geochemical fingerprints. This will contribute to the development of a regional tephrochronological framework needed for future correlations of tephra in climate archives (e.g., marine, lacustrine and ice cores). Keywords: Late Pleistocene, Holocene, Explosive volcanism, Tephra, Source volcano identification, Geochemical fingerprint, Antarctic Peninsula, Bransfield Rift, Larsen Rift. RESUMEN. Geoquímica de tefras de volcanes Cuaternarios de la Península Antártica. En la parte norte de la Península Antártica existen, por lo menos, 12 centros volcánicos del Pleistoceno Tardío-Holoceno que podrían representar las fuentes de horizontes de tefra reconocidos en la región. Se reportan aquí análisis químicos de 10 de estos volcanes, que incluyen análisis de elementos mayores, trazas, tierras raras y composición isotópica de 95 muestras de tefra u otros productos eruptivos. Los volcanes tienen, en su mayoría, composición basáltica a basáltico-andesítica. Las razones Nb/Y resultan útiles para distinguir entre centros volcánicos ubicados al lado oriental (Larsen Rift) de aquellos ubicados al lado occidental (Bransfield Rift) de la Península Antártica. Adicionalmente, las razones Sr/Nb (para muestras con SiO 2 <63 wt%), Sr/Y, Ba/La, Zr/Hf y Th/Nb sirven para caracterizar los productos generados por cada centro volcánico. Análisis de microsonda en vidrio muestran que las rocas estudiadas tienen bajos contenidos de K 2 O, y que vidrios de rocas provenientes de volcanes ubicados en el rift de Bransfield son ricos en SiO 2 , mientras que las de volcanes del rift de Larsen tienden hacía contenidos elevados de álcalis. Se propone un algoritmo para la identificación del volcán de origen de un horizonte de tefra cualquiera, basado en las distintivas composiciones geoquímicas aquí reportadas. Este estudio contribuirá al desarrollo de un marco tefrocronológico regional indispensable para ...

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Section: Penguin Islandmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…1) has been suggested as source of a 1.6 m thick, 5.2-3.8 ka tephra layer identified (Tatur et al, 1991) in lake sediments at Fildes and Potter peninsulas (both King George Island). Matthies et al (1988) mention an ash layer from marine sediments cored in Bransfield Strait, part of which could have originated from Bridgeman Island.…”

Section: Previous Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geochemical signatures of tephras from Quaternary Antarctic Peninsula volcanoes

Kraus¹,

Kurbatov

Yates

2013

andgeo

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“…The prolonged duration of the sea level ("stillstand" of John & Sugden 1971) at level 20-16 m, during glacial-isostatic uplift, supports the formation of a prominent beach band along the coast of Fildes Peninsula, which was already free of glaciers (John & Sugden 1971, Barsch & Mausbacher 1986, Mausbacher et al 1989, Matthies et al 1991, Tatur et al 1991. During that period several lake basins had been separated from marine bays, including that of Long Lake.…”

Section: Transition From Marine To Lacustrine Environmentmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…Detailed chronology of Holocene events, derived largely from palaeolimnological investigations, was presented by John (1971), John & Sugden (1971), Sugden &John (1973), Barsch & Mausbacher (1986a,b), Mausbacher et al (1989), Schmidt et al (1990), Matthies et al (1991) and extended with further details by Birkenmajer (1981), Tatur & del Valle (1986), Tatur et al (1991), and del Valle & Tatur (1993). However, the most integrated model of Holocene landscape and biota evolution for the whole area of the Antarctic Peninsula was proposed recently by Hjort et al (1992), Ing6lfsson et al (1992), Bjorck et al (1993) and sediment sections from the coastal zone were the most important data supporting it.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Holocene environmental change in a marine-estuarine-lacustrine sediment sequence, King George Island, South Shetland Islands

Martinez-Macchiavello

Tatur

Servant-Vildary

et al. 1996

Antartic science

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Sedimentological features and cluster analysis of diatom assemblages were used to investigate a local Holocene prograding sequence of marine-estuarine-lacustrine sediments. It consists of upward finning and thinning sediment cycles formed at the mouth of a meltwater stream during regional isostatic uplift, which followed early Holocene deglaciation and marine inundation events. The sequence begins in the lower Holocene sublittoral sand (marine diatoms and abundant molluscs) overlying, with a transgressive base, the deltic (?) clastic sediment marking probably one of the pre-Holocene interglacial periods (index diatom Actinocyclus ingens suggests an age >0.62 Ma). The lower Holocene marine sand was truncated by middle Holocene gravity flows, bearing volcanic ash. They were deposited in a high energy estuarine environment (brackish diatoms). The beach subsequently formed separated the estuary from the sea and changed it into a freshwater lake. Accumulation of moss and gyttja, containing a freshwater diatom assemblage, marks the final late Holocene stage of this coastal sedimentary sequence, which can be considered as typical for deglaciation periods in the maritime Antarctic.

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“…Previous tephrochronological investigations in the northern Antarctic Peninsula region have examined tephra in Glaciol ice, moss banks, limnic sediments and shallow marine sediments (Orheim, 1972; Matthies and others, 1988, 1990; Björck and others, 1991; Tatur and others, 1991; Calvct and others, 1997). Except for two ash layers from Bransfield Strait and King George Island attributed to eruptions from Bridgeman and Penguin Islands (Matthies and others, 1988; Tatur and others, 1991), all of the ash layers documented were attributed to a Deception Island source.…”

Section: Tephrochronologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification and correlation of distal tephra layers in deep-sea sediment cores, Scotia Sea, Antarctica

Moreton

Smellie

1998

A. Glaciology.

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ABSTRACT. Quaternary deposits in six sediment cores from the Scotia Sea, Antarctica, were examined for the presence of volcanic ash layers. The cores were recovered from water depths of 3369-4025 m. Altogether, 23 ash layers were found, 18 of which have been investigated by electron-probe microanalysis. Deception Island is identified as the source of a ll the ash layers analyzed. The upper ash layer in each core can be correlated across all six cores, over a distance of 400 km, on the basis of its unusual bimodal composition, major oxide geochem istry and strati graphic position. Two other ash layers can also be correlated between several of the cores.

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Lake sediments in maritime Antarctic zone: A record of landscape and biota evolution: preliminary report

Cited by 7 publications

References 0 publications

Geochemical signatures of tephras from Quaternary Antarctic Peninsula volcanoes

Geochemical signatures of tephras from Quaternary Antarctic Peninsula volcanoes

Holocene environmental change in a marine-estuarine-lacustrine sediment sequence, King George Island, South Shetland Islands

Identification and correlation of distal tephra layers in deep-sea sediment cores, Scotia Sea, Antarctica

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