Lampenflora and the entrance biofilm in two show caves: comparison of microbial community, environmental, and biofilm parameters

Nikolić, Nina; Zarubica, Nikola; Gavrilovic, Bojan; Predojević, Dragana; Trbojević, Ivana; Simić, Gordana Subakov; Popović, Slađana

doi:10.4311/2018ex0124

Cited by 15 publications

(9 citation statements)

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“…While cyanobacteria were dominant at cave entrances, Chlorella sp. was recorded in every lampenflora sample [8]. As in other biofilms, phototrophs in lampenflora successfully coexist with bacteria and fungi [3,7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…The deep cave environment is primarily characterized as an oligotrophic habitat, featuring stable temperatures and relative humidity and limited contact with the exterior environment throughout the year [4][5][6][7][8][9]. This equilibrium can be disrupted and changed when additional energy is introduced to the cave from the outside environment [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although cyanobacteria are highly adaptable to extreme environmental conditions, they can be easily outcompeted by eukaryotic algae in stable environments, such as those found in caves [14]. Nikolić et al [8] have reported the presence of Cyanobacteria, Chlorophyta, Bacillariophyta and Xanthophyta in the Podpeć and Stopić caves. While cyanobacteria were dominant at cave entrances, Chlorella sp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effects of biocides on the growth of aerophytic green algae (Chlorella sp.) isolated from a cave environment

Nikolić

Simić

Golić

et al. 2021

ARCH BIOL SCI BELGRA

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Lampenflora communities of bacteria, cyanobacteria, algae, mosses and lichens colonize illuminated show-caves as a consequence of disturbances to the caves? ecological equilibrium. These communities have unesthetic impacts and can cause the biodeterioration of limestone. A 15% hydrogen peroxide solution was proposed for use as an ecological agent for the safe removal of these microorganisms. This study tested the effects of three different biocides (hydrogen peroxide, a commercial solution containing salicylic acid and a product containing chlorine dioxide as the active component), on the growth of green algae (Chlorella sp.), which are frequently encountered in lampenflora communities. Chlorella sp. was treated with the biocides under laboratory condition, and chlorophyll a (Chl a) concentrations were measured 1 h, 3 days, 7 days and 10 days after treatment. The change in Chl a concentration was compared to the untreated control group at each time point. All three biocides prevented the growth of green algae and the product containing chlorine dioxide appeared to be the most effective growth inhibitor. Hydrogen peroxide is known to suppress lampenflora growth in caves, and further studies on other biocides remain necessary to identify a solution that is both ecologically safe and economically feasible.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effects of biocides on the growth of aerophytic green algae (Chlorella sp.) isolated from a cave environment

Nikolić

Simić

Golić

et al. 2021

ARCH BIOL SCI BELGRA

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“…Visitors’ presence changes the local microclimate and introduces fungal spores and bacteria into the cave environment ( Mammola et al, 2017 ; Novas et al, 2017 ; Zhelyazkova et al, 2020 ). Humidity, temperature, CO 2 levels, and electrical lighting enhance the growth of specific photosynthetic communities known as lampenflora in cave entrances and the speleothem ( Piano et al, 2015 ; Nikolić et al, 2020 ). Generally, microbial communities in cave entrances constitute biofilms ( Albertano, 2012 ), where there is also the presence of cyanobacteria and microalgae ( Poulíčková and Hasler, 2007 ; Czerwik-Marcinkowska, 2013 ; Lamprinou et al, 2014 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polyhydroxybutyrate-producing cyanobacteria from lampenflora: The case study of the “Stiffe” caves in Italy

et al. 2022

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This study aimed to estimate the green formation lampenflora of “Stiffe” caves in order to evaluate their suitability as an isolation source of cyanobacteria useful for the production of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs). The cave system was chosen as the sampling site due to its touristic use and the presence of high-impact illuminations. The biofilms and the mats of the illuminated walls were sampled. Samples were investigated by 16S rRNA gene analysis and culturable cyanobacteria isolation. The isolated strains were then screened for the production of PHAs under typical culturing and nutritional starvation. Cultures were checked for PHA accumulation, poly-β-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) presence (infrared spectroscopy), and pigment production. The 16S rRNA gene metabarcoding. Highlighted a considerable extent of the pressure exerted by anthropogenic activities. However, the isolation yielded eleven cyanobacteria isolates with good PHA (mainly PHB)-producing abilities and interesting pigment production rates (chlorophyll a and carotenoids). Under normal conditions (BG110), the accumulation abilities ranged from 266 to 1,152 ng mg dry biomass–1. The optimization of bioprocesses through nutritional starvation resulted in a 2.5-fold increase. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) studies established the occurrence of PHB within PHAs extracted by cyanobacteria isolates. The comparison of results with standard strains underlined good production rates. For C2 and C8 strains, PHA accumulation rates under starvation were higher than Azospirillum brasilense and similar to Synechocystis cf. salina 192. This study broadened the knowledge of the microbial communities of mats and biofilms on the lightened walls of the caves. These findings suggested that these structures, which are common in tourist caves, could be used to isolate valuable strains before remediation measures are adopted.

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“…Despite phototrophic bio lms have been studied for several decades, studies comparing the microbial communities occurring inside and outside cave environments are very limited [38,39,40]. The differences between communities would provide a better understanding of the microorganism sources and thus about bio lm genesis inside the cave.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does Microbial Diversity of Cave Ecosystems Differ from Outside? The Case of the Azé Show Cave (France)

Alaoui-Sossé¹,

Ozaki²,

Barriquand³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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In recent decades, the Azé cave has begun to suffer from microorganism proliferation due to artificial lighting installations for touristic activity. The present work aims at understanding the origin of the Lampenflora and bacterial community populating inside the cave. We performed high throughput sequencing of the communities populating the outside, the entrance and the inside of the Azé cave. Our results indicated that 68.2–74.5% of the phototrophic community was represented by Eukaryotes, and 25.5 to 31.8% by cyanobacteria regardless of the sampled area. We observed a decrease of bacterial and phototroph species richness from the outside to the bottom of the cave. The phototrophic communities were significantly different in term of specific OTU richness but not in term of composition. For photosynthetic organisms, only 4 OTU were specific to the inside of the cave, representing less than 0.1% of the total OTUs. On the contrary, more than 400 bacterial OTUs were specific to the inside of the cave. These metabarcoding-based findings in the Azé cave revealed a complex community structure that is similar but less diverse in comparison to the outside.

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Lampenflora and the entrance biofilm in two show caves: comparison of microbial community, environmental, and biofilm parameters

Cited by 15 publications

References 0 publications

The effects of biocides on the growth of aerophytic green algae (Chlorella sp.) isolated from a cave environment

The effects of biocides on the growth of aerophytic green algae (Chlorella sp.) isolated from a cave environment

Polyhydroxybutyrate-producing cyanobacteria from lampenflora: The case study of the “Stiffe” caves in Italy

Does Microbial Diversity of Cave Ecosystems Differ from Outside? The Case of the Azé Show Cave (France)

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