Land and wine

White, Michael A.; Whalen, Philip; Jones, Gregory V.

doi:10.1038/ngeo429

Cited by 63 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Calculating impacts on viticultural suitability by using daily extreme temperatures may yield different results than the 20-y mean monthly climatologies used here (11,38,39). Other studies that have used extreme daily temperatures show more pronounced changes in the projected range of viticultural suitability than the results presented here (11,38,39). Therefore, our findings may be conservative.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 54%

“…Therefore, our findings may be conservative. Growing degree day (GDD) estimates based on daily values may produce slightly different estimations of suitability than the GDD summation calculated from monthly means (11,38,39). Lower greenhouse gas concentrations (as in RCP 4.5) produce lesser decreases in current wine-producing regions and moderate the amount of newly suitable area (Table S1), indicating that international action to reduce greenhouse gas emissions can reduce attendant impacts on viticulture and conservation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Temperature and moisture regimes are among the primary elements of terroir (10,11), with growing season temperature being particularly important in delimiting regions suitable for growing wine grapes (Vitis vinifera). Mediterranean climate regions (warm and dry summers; cool and wet winters) are particularly suitable for viticulture (4), while at the same time having high levels of biodiversity, endemism, and habitat loss, making them global biodiversity hotspots (12)(13)(14).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Climate change, wine, and conservation

Lee

Roehrdanz

Ikegami

et al. 2013

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

649

462

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Climate change is expected to impact ecosystems directly, such as through shifting climatic controls on species ranges, and indirectly, for example through changes in human land use that may result in habitat loss. Shifting patterns of agricultural production in response to climate change have received little attention as a potential impact pathway for ecosystems. Wine grape production provides a good test case for measuring indirect impacts mediated by changes in agriculture, because viticulture is sensitive to climate and is concentrated in Mediterranean climate regions that are global biodiversity hotspots. Here we demonstrate that, on a global scale, the impacts of climate change on viticultural suitability are substantial, leading to possible conservation conflicts in land use and freshwater ecosystems. Area suitable for viticulture decreases 25% to 73% in major wine producing regions by 2050 in the higher RCP 8.5 concentration pathway and 19% to 62% in the lower RCP 4.5. Climate change may cause establishment of vineyards at higher elevations that will increase impacts on upland ecosystems and may lead to conversion of natural vegetation as production shifts to higher latitudes in areas such as western North America. Attempts to maintain wine grape productivity and quality in the face of warming may be associated with increased water use for irrigation and to cool grapes through misting or sprinkling, creating potential for freshwater conservation impacts. Agricultural adaptation and conservation efforts are needed that anticipate these multiple possible indirect effects.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 54%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Climate change, wine, and conservation

Lee

Roehrdanz

Ikegami

et al. 2013

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

649

462

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“…Webb et al (2007) projected a 50-day advancement in the maturity of grapes in the Coonawarra region of South Australia by 2050. The effects of global warming and associated changes in precipitation patterns may alter terroirs (White et al, 2009), i.e., unique combinations of climate and soils that are used to produce wines of distinctive styles (Webb et al, 2012). However, the information on the future irrigation requirements of viticulture and the magnitude of other related risks (salinity) in the soil is sparse.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identifying the future water and salinity risks to irrigated viticulture in the Murray-Darling Basin, South Australia

Phogat

Cox

Šimůnek

2018

Agricultural Water Management

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“…For the wine grape industry, climate is a dominant contributor to quantity and quality (van Leeuwen et al, 2004;Maltman, 2008;White et al, 2009). Major climatic conditions required for producing wine grapes with balanced composition and varietal typicity include low frost damage in mild winters, early and even budbreak, flowering, and development during warm springs, and optimal maturation with low summer temperature variability, adequate heat accumulation, and a lack of extreme heat (Gladstone, 1992;Jones, 1999;Nemani et al, 2001;White et al, 2006).…”

Section: Effect Of Climate Variability On Wine Grape Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Projected Climate Change Impacts on Grape Growing in the Okanagan Valley, British Columbia, Canada

Rayne¹,

Forest²,

Friesen³

2011

Nature Precedings

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A statistical analysis was conducted on long-term climate records in the Okanagan Valley wine grape growing region of British Columbia, Canada. No observable trends for average annual temperatures were found in the region. Analyses of monthly mean and extreme temperatures show wide spatial and temporal heterogeneity, indicating that future studies using downscaling of global climate models for this region will require resolutions on the order of several kilometers. Mean winter temperatures are increasing throughout the valley, and extreme minimum temperatures are also increasing during the winter at the central and northern sites which have historically presented the most risk of winter damage to grapevines. Only the most southern and northern sub-regions are expected to see significant changes in their heat unit accumulations during the growing season. Over the coming century, the southern end of the valley will likely move from Winkler heat unit region 1 to 2. All regions of the Okanagan will continue to have latitude-temperature indices among the lowest of the world's fine table wine producing regions over the coming century. Growing season and dormant season average temperatures are expected to change by only a modest amount by 2100. Current climate maturity groupings for ripening grape varieties will likely stay constant at cool (central and southern areas) and intermediate (south-central) for all sites except Osoyoos (south). The climate trendings at Osoyoos suggest it will transition from an intermediate to a warm grouping by about 2050. The early to mid-season ripening capacity of the region may improve due to climate changes, but there is a risk of the asymmetric late season increases in minimum daily temperatures lowering the daily temperature range at some sites, possibly leading to difficulties in maintaining a balanced between sugar and sensory profiles as wine grapes approach maturity. The projected warming at the southern end of the valley should favor improved and increased Merlot production, will require Chardonnay production to shift northwards, and will allow growing of warmer climate wine grape varieties currently inaccessible because of low winter temperatures and a lack of growing season heat units. Increasing winter temperatures throughout the region are expected to result in increased risk of pests such as Pierces disease.

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Land and wine

Cited by 63 publications

References 8 publications

Climate change, wine, and conservation

Climate change, wine, and conservation

Identifying the future water and salinity risks to irrigated viticulture in the Murray-Darling Basin, South Australia

Projected Climate Change Impacts on Grape Growing in the Okanagan Valley, British Columbia, Canada

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