Land inequality and landlessness in Pakistan: Measuring the diverse nature of land disparities

Ayaz, Muhammad; Mughal, Mazhar

doi:10.1016/j.landusepol.2023.106720

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The Gini coefficient (GINI), MLD index (GE 0 ) and Theil index (GE 1 ) have been widely used in the study of spatial disequilibrium, and they have certain complementarity [28][29][30]. The Gini coefficient is a common measure of inequality used to measure the degree of inequality in a set of data or distribution.…”

Section: Gini Coefficient Mld Index Theil Indexmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on the Spatial Imbalance and Polarization of Marine Green Aquaculture Efficiency in China

Wang,

Mao,

et al. 2024

Water

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In-depth analyses of the spatial imbalance and polarization of marine green aquaculture efficiency have a profound impact on the realization of high-quality development of fisheries. Based on the data on mariculture in nine coastal provinces of China from 2006 to 2019, this research analyzed the spatial imbalance and polarization of green mariculture efficiency using quantitative measurements and explored their causes. The results showed that (1) the efficiency of marine green aquaculture in China is relatively effective, but there is still room for improvement. The spatial imbalance of the whole country and the three marine economic circles shows an increasing trend, and the efficiency of marine green aquaculture in China has two levels of differentiation characteristics. Compared with the coastal provinces with low and high levels of marine green aquaculture efficiency, the degree of spatial imbalance in the medium-level coastal provinces is greater. In the long run, the efficiency of China’s marine green aquaculture will slowly evolve to a high-level state, and it is particularly important to break the “self-locking trap” of the low-level state. (2) The differences in mariculture yield among coastal provinces are the main factor affecting the spatial imbalance of green mariculture efficiency in China. Promoting the development of low-carbon, resource-saving and high-added-value mariculture products and achieving a win–win situation of economic and ecological benefits is an important means to alleviate the spatial imbalance of China’s mariculture efficiency. (3) There is a certain polarization trend in the efficiency of marine green aquaculture in China, and the polarization degree shows an overall upward trend. Compared with the northern and eastern marine economic circles, the spatial polarization of green aquaculture efficiency in the southern marine economic circle is the lowest. During the observation year, the change in green aquaculture efficiency in coastal provinces did not converge into minority groups, and the main reason for spatial polarization was that there was a large gap in green aquaculture efficiency among coastal provinces. The research results can provide a reference for accelerating the green transformation of mariculture and promoting the high-quality development of fisheries.

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Section: Gini Coefficient Mld Index Theil Indexmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on the Spatial Imbalance and Polarization of Marine Green Aquaculture Efficiency in China

Wang,

Mao,

et al. 2024

Water

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“…Soil salinity, which affects 25–30% of the world’s crop productivity, poses a danger to global food security together with other significant environmental factors like drought and heat [ 9 ]. The majority of Pakistan landmass is dry and semi-dry areas making about 80% of the country’s total soil area [ 10 ]. Recently, 77 million hectares (5%) or over 1.5 billion hectares of the world’s total cultivated soil have been damaged through high salt content and are no longer suitable for cultivation [ 11 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exogenous application of salicylic acid ameliorates salinity stress in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)

Hanif,

Mahmood,

Javed

et al. 2024

BMC Plant Biol

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Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) is a significant cereal crop belonging to Poaceae that is essential for human food and animal feeding. The production of barley grains was around 142.37 million tons in 2017/2018. However, the growth of barley was influenced by salinity which was enhanced by applying a foliar spray of salicylic acid. The current study investigated to evaluated the potential effect of SA on the barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) plants under salinity stress and its possible effects on physiological, biochemical, and growth responses. The experiment was conducted at Postgraduate Research Station (PARS), University of Agriculture; Faisalabad to assess the influence of salicylic acid on barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) under highly saline conditions. The experiment was conducted in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 3 replicates. In plastic pots containing 8 kg of properly cleaned sand, two different types of barley (Sultan and Jau-17) were planted. The plants were then watered with a half-strength solution of Hoagland’s nutritional solution. After the establishment of seedlings, two salt treatments (0 mM and 120 mM NaCl) were applied in combining three levels of exogenously applied salicylic acid (SA) (0, 0.5, and 1 mg L-1). Data about morphological, physiological, and biochemical attributes was recorded using standard procedure after three weeks of treatment. The morpho-physiological fresh weight of the shoot and root (48%), the dry mass of the shoot and root (66%), the plant height (18%), the chlorophyll a (30%), the chlorophyll b (22%), and the carotenoids (22%), all showed significant decreases. Salinity also decreased yield parameters and the chl. ratio (both at 29% and 26% of the total chl. leaf area index). Compared to the control parameters, the following data was recorded under salt stress: spike length, number of spikes, number of spikelets, number of tillers, biological yield, and harvest index. Salicylic acid was used as a foliar spray to lessen the effects of salinity stress, and 1 mg L-1 of salicylic acid proved more effective than 0.5 mg L-1. Both varieties show better growth by applying salicylic acid (0 mg L-1) as a control, showing normal growth. By increasing its level to (0.5 mg L-1), it shows better growth but maximized growth occurred at a higher level (1 mg L-1). Barley sultan (Hordeum vulgare L.) is the best variety as compared to Jau-17 performs more growth to mitigate salt stress (0mM and 120mM NaCl) by improving morpho-physiological parameters by enhancing plan height, Root and shoot fresh and dry weights, as well as root and shoot lengths, photosynthetic pigments, area of the leaves and their index, and yield attributes and reduce sodium ions.

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Climate Disasters and Sustainability Challenges: A Way Forward in Industry 4.0

Asghar,

Ayaz,

Ullah

et al. 2024

Palgrave Studies in Impact Finance

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Land inequality and landlessness in Pakistan: Measuring the diverse nature of land disparities

Cited by 5 publications

References 15 publications

Study on the Spatial Imbalance and Polarization of Marine Green Aquaculture Efficiency in China

Study on the Spatial Imbalance and Polarization of Marine Green Aquaculture Efficiency in China

Exogenous application of salicylic acid ameliorates salinity stress in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)

Climate Disasters and Sustainability Challenges: A Way Forward in Industry 4.0

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