Land reform, dispossession and new elites: A case study on coconut plantations in <scp>D</scp>avao <scp>O</scp>riental, <scp>P</scp>hilippines

Adam, Jeroen

doi:10.1111/apv.12011

Cited by 13 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…The pace of redistribution, however, has again been slow, with only approximately 1% of private land in South Africa and Namibia being redistributed by 2000 ( Adams & Howell, 2001 ), prompting some stakeholders to call for a more radical approach such as the Zimbabwean model of land reform ( de Villiers, 2003 ; O’Laughlin et al, 2013 ). With land reform remaining an important issue around the world ( Adam, 2013 ; Diniz et al, 2013 ; Nyahunzvi, 2014 ; Pellegrini & Dasgupta, 2011 ; Vilpoux, 2014 ), the recommendations of this study could help to prevent the socio-economic and wildlife issues that Zimbabwe has encountered from being repeated elsewhere.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of land reform on the status of large carnivores in Zimbabwe

Williams

Joubert³

et al. 2016

PeerJ

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Large carnivores are decreasing in number due to growing pressure from an expanding human population. It is increasingly recognised that state-protected conservation areas are unlikely to be sufficient to protect viable populations of large carnivores, and that private land will be central to conservation efforts. In 2000, a fast-track land reform programme (FTLRP) was initiated in Zimbabwe, ostensibly to redress the racial imbalance in land ownership, but which also had the potential to break up large areas of carnivore habitat on private land. To date, research has focused on the impact of the FTLRP process on the different human communities, while impacts on wildlife have been overlooked. Here we provide the first systematic assessment of the impact of the FTLRP on the status of large carnivores. Spoor counts were conducted across private, resettled and communal land use types in order to estimate the abundance of large carnivores, and to determine how this had been affected by land reform. The density of carnivore spoor differed significantly between land use types, and was lower on resettlement land than on private land, suggesting that the resettlement process has resulted in a substantial decline in carnivore abundance. Habitat loss and high levels of poaching in and around resettlement areas are the most likely causes. The FTLRP resulted in the large-scale conversion of land that was used sustainably and productively for wildlife into unsustainable, unproductive agricultural land uses. We recommended that models of land reform should consider the type of land available, that existing expertise in land management should be retained where possible, and that resettlement programmes should be carefully planned in order to minimise the impacts on wildlife and on people.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of land reform on the status of large carnivores in Zimbabwe

Williams

Joubert³

et al. 2016

PeerJ

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“…The pace of redistribution, however, has again been slow, with only approximately 1% of private land in South Africa and Namibia being redistributed by 2000(Adams & Howell, 2001), prompting some stakeholders to call for a more radical approach such as the Zimbabwean model of land reform (de Villiers, 2003;O'Laughlin et al, 2013). With land reform remaining an important issue around the world (Adam, 2013;Diniz et al, 2013;Nyahunzvi, 2014;Pellegrini & Dasgupta, 2011;Vilpoux, 2014), the recommendations of this study could help to prevent the socio-economic and wildlife issues that Zimbabwe has encountered from being repeated elsewhere.…”

Section: Lutmentioning

confidence: 99%

Peer Review #1 of "The impact of land reform on the status of large carnivores in Zimbabwe (v0.1)"

2016

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Large carnivores are decreasing in number due to growing pressure from an expanding human population. It is increasingly recognised that state-protected conservation areas are unlikely to be sufficient to protect viable populations of large carnivores, and that private land will be central to conservation efforts. In 2000, a fast-track land reform programme (FTLRP) was initiated in Zimbabwe, ostensibly to redress the racial imbalance in land ownership, but which also had the potential to break up large areas of carnivore habitat on private land. To date, research has focused on the impact of the FTLRP process on the different human communities, while impacts on wildlife have been overlooked. Here we provide the first systematic assessment of the impact of the FTLRP on the status of large carnivores. Spoor counts were conducted across private, resettled and communal land use types in order to estimate the abundance of large carnivores, and to determine how this had been affected by land reform. The density of carnivore spoor differed significantly between land use types, and was lower on resettlement land than on private land, suggesting that the resettlement process has resulted in a substantial decline in carnivore abundance. Habitat loss and high levels of poaching in and around resettlement areas are the most likely causes. The FTLRP resulted in the large scale conversion of land that was used sustainably and productively for wildlife into unsustainable, unproductive agricultural land uses. We recommended that models of land reform should consider the type of land available, that existing expertise in land management should be retained where possible, and that resettlement programmes should be carefully planned in order to minimise the impacts on wildlife and on people.

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“…The Philippine Coconut Authority also proposes corn, peanuts, bananas, coffee, and pineapples as options (Philippine Coconut Authority ). Although the CARP has increased the number of rural landowners, landownership is not a sufficient condition for poverty reduction (Vista and others ; Adam ); it is also necessary to improve access to finance (Pabuayon and others ) and human capital (Figure ). Finally, in areas where commercial, chemical‐based agriculture has proved unviable, organic agriculture might be the way forward (Suh ).…”

Section: Adaptive Livelihood Trajectoriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The second conclusion highlights the unintended consequences of the CARP. Another unintended consequence has been observed in the coconut industry on Mindanao: medium‐sized landowners have been squeezed by large plantation owners and have been compelled to give pieces of land to the poorest farmers (Adam ). Furthermore, horizontal and vertical coordination on Mindanao is hampered by continuing tensions and occasional violence.…”

Section: Upstream Value‐chain Governance and Upgradingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The country has become one of the largest and best‐known global suppliers of labor—for instance 600,000 overseas Filipina/Filipino workers (OFWs) are employed in Saudi Arabia—but relatively little scholarly work has been done on rural economic development and agri/aquabusiness value chains. Academic inquires have mainly focused on the (in)famous land reform program, as well as landed sugarcane elites from historical, anthropological, and political perspectives (Billig ; Borras and Franco ; Vista and others ; Adams ). The ways in which Philippine farmers and fisher folk are inserted in Asian/Global agri/aquabusiness chains has been under‐researched .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Primary Sector Value Chains, Poverty Reduction, And Rural Development Challenges In The Philippines

Andriesse

2018

Geographical Review

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The insertion of Philippine agriculture and fisheries into global value chains has not contributed significantly to rural poverty reduction, in contrast to several other Southeast Asian countries. While there are pockets of downstream export successes, upstream actors face persistent precarious conditions. This comparative investigation of the relationships between value chains and rural development fills a gap in the literature on the Philippines. An analysis of four important products affecting at least 3 million households illustrates the need to focus more on upstream value‐chain governance and pro‐poor rural development interventions. This article shows that the integration of livelihoods and value‐chain analyses has the advantage of fleshing out upstream challenges that are relevant for agri/aquabusiness performance, socio‐spatial policies, and refinements of rural development theories. It is unlikely that horizontal coordination/social capital as well as associated upgrading efforts will be effective without a stronger emphasis on vertical coordination and human‐capital formation.

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Land reform, dispossession and new elites: A case study on coconut plantations in Davao Oriental, Philippines

Cited by 13 publications

References 21 publications

The impact of land reform on the status of large carnivores in Zimbabwe

The impact of land reform on the status of large carnivores in Zimbabwe

Peer Review #1 of "The impact of land reform on the status of large carnivores in Zimbabwe (v0.1)"

Primary Sector Value Chains, Poverty Reduction, And Rural Development Challenges In The Philippines

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