Land restoration management after topsoil mining and implications for restoration policy guidelines in New Zealand

Hart, P. B. S.; West, A.W.; Kings, J. A.; Watts, H. M.; Howe, Jeff

doi:10.1002/(sici)1099-145x(199909/10)10:5<435::aid-ldr339>3.0.co;2-1

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 21 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…These models have been used to predict longer-term changes in organic matter contents of New Zealand soils (e.g., Parshotam and Hewitt 1993;Sparling et al 2003a). However, there is a great paucity of New Zealand long-term data to validate the models, with most reports measuring C and N changes in soils only over 3-15 year periods and on a limited number of sites (e.g., Ross et al 1982Ross et al , 1984Hart et al 1999, Francis et al 1999, Shepherd et al 2001. Other authors have attempted to avoid the problem of long-term monitoring by identifying chronosequences of matched sites (Schipper et al 2001;Sparling et al 2003b) or resampling archive sites (e.g., Schipper et al 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 79%

Accumulation of soil organic C and change in C:N ratio after establishment of pastures on reverted scrubland in New Zealand

Schipper

Sparling

2009

Biogeochemistry

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Rates of organic carbon accumulation and changes in C:N ratio are reported for 10 New Zealand soils converted to pastures from scrub. The data were derived from archive papers originally published in 1964, but which did not report on changes in the C contents of the soils. The soils had been sampled to 0-7.5, 7.5-15, and 15-30 cm depths and chronosequences of up to 66 years obtained by selecting sites with differing times since pasture establishment. We calculated changes in the mass of C and N in the 0-7.5 cm depth and compared that to the mass in the 0-30 cm depth of soil. The shortest time over which organic matter change was assessed was 18 years and the longest was 66 years. Nine of the ten soils showed increases in the C contents of the 0-7.5 cm depth soil, and a natural logarithmic curve generally gave a better fit to the time course data than a linear fit. However, when the full 0-30 cm depth was considered, only two soils showed a significant increase in total C, changes in the C contents of other soils were non-significant, and two soils showed a decline in total C. The rates of change in the C contents were averaged over 0-5 years, 5-25 years and 25-50 years. Across all 10 soils, the mean rates of accumulation of C in the 0-7.5 cm depth were 1.07 (between 0 and 5 years), 0.27 (between 5 and 25 years) and 0.09 Mg C ha -1 year -1 (between 25 and 50 years) and significantly (P \ 0.05) greater than zero. Very similar rates were obtained for the 0-30 cm depth of soil with mean rates across all soils 1.01 (0-5 years), 0.25 (5-25 years) and 0.09 Mg C ha -1 year -1 (25-50 years), respectively. In the 0-7.5 cm depth of soil, total Kjeldahl N (TKN) increased significantly in seven of the 10 soils. When expressed for the 0-30 cm depth of soil, only five soils still showed significant increases in TKN contents over time. Using the data for the 0-7.5 cm depth, the predicted time (mean and standard error) for the soils to reach a C:N ratio of\10 was 46 ± 17 years. The soils were originally sampled over 44 years ago, suggesting that currently (2009), very few of them could be expected to have capacity for further N storage in organic matter in the surface soil unless there was an increase in soil C. Changes in soil C and N in the shallow upper soil layers are easily masked by the relatively small changes in C and N contents and much greater masses of soil at lower depths.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 79%

Accumulation of soil organic C and change in C:N ratio after establishment of pastures on reverted scrubland in New Zealand

Schipper

Sparling

2009

Biogeochemistry

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Hart et al . (1999) investigated the combined effect of ripping, fertilizer N application and grazing management on subsoils at sites from which the topsoil had been stripped (i.e.…”

Section: Trends In Disturbed and Reclaimed Sitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Harris et al (1993) took this work further by suggesting a theoretical approach based on microbial lifestyle strategies to the interpretation of such data. Hart et al (1999) investigated the combined effect of ripping, fertilizer N application and grazing management on subsoils at sites from which the topsoil had been stripped (i.e. removal to 30 cm depth).…”

Section: Trends In Disturbed and Reclaimed Sitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurements of the soil microbial community for estimating the success of restoration

Harris

2003

European J Soil Science

259

154

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Summary Land degradation is of concern in many countries. In order for timely and effective interventions to be made to reverse this degradation it is necessary to have objective measurements of ecosystem status. By measuring characteristics of the soil microbial community we can assess the status of the microbial ecosystem and in that sense the quality of the soil, and the potential for, and progress of, restoration after degradation. Recent research has shown quantitatively how by measuring the soil microbial community we can assess degradation and the effects of management designed to reverse it. The size, composition and activity of the soil microbial community convincingly distinguish between systems, and between the impact of management strategies upon them. Measurements of these characteristics of the microbial community provide invaluable information for restoring degraded land and are ready for routine use. Specifically, profiles of phospholipid fatty acid contents, and substrate induced respiratory responses to different carbon substrates, will yield significant data upon which management decisions may be based.

show abstract

“…Landscape ecology explores ecological space from a macroscale perspective, with a theoretical focus on spatial heterogeneity and ecological holism (Forman and Gordron, 1986;Vos and Meekes, 1999;Naveh, 2000). Accordingly, landscape rehabilitation efforts are designed to bring back reasonable land use with a renewed level of productivity to degraded lands, and to keep such lands in a relatively stable ecological balance (Hart et al, 1999). Ultimately, the goal of rehabilitation is to attain ecological holism.…”

Section: Lepd Principles and Degraded Mining Landmentioning

confidence: 99%

Landscape ecological planning and design of degraded mining land

et al. 2001

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Landscape ecology belongs to the macroecological spatial studies and its theory focuses on spatial heterogeneity and ecological holism. Landscape rehabilitation based on ecological planning and design can be used satisfactorily to restore degraded mining land to make it productive and reestablish a stable ecological equilibrium that is coordinated with its surroundings in order to attain ecological holism. Degraded mining land can be classi®ed into diverse types, with different rehabilitation methods possible for each of the classi®cations. In addition, degraded mining lands are also associated with various types of landscape. Accordingly, landscape rehabilitation goals can only be realized by working out reasonable macrolandscape patterns and establishing suitable microecological conditions based on the landscape ecology.

show abstract

Land restoration management after topsoil mining and implications for restoration policy guidelines in New Zealand

Cited by 10 publications

References 21 publications

Accumulation of soil organic C and change in C:N ratio after establishment of pastures on reverted scrubland in New Zealand

Accumulation of soil organic C and change in C:N ratio after establishment of pastures on reverted scrubland in New Zealand

Measurements of the soil microbial community for estimating the success of restoration

Landscape ecological planning and design of degraded mining land

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About