Land Seismic Recording Systems in a Changing World — a 2021 Review

Legacy seismic reflection data constitute infrastructure of tremendous value for basic research. This is especially relevant in seismically hazardous areas, as such datasets can significantly contribute to the seismotectonic characterization of the region. The quality of the data and the resulting image can be effectively improved by using modern tools, such as pre-conditioning techniques and seismic attributes. The latter are extensively used by the hydrocarbon exploration industry, but are still only poorly applied to the study of active faults. Pre-conditioning filters are effective in removing random noise, which hampers the detection of subtle geologic structures (i.e., normal faults). In this study, a workflow including pre-conditioning and extraction of seismic attributes is used to improve the quality of the CROP-04 deep seismic reflection profile. CROP-04 was acquired in the 1980s across the Southern Apennines mountain range, one of the most hazardous seismically active regions in Italy. The results show the capacity of this method to extract, from low-resolution legacy data, subtle seismic fabrics that correspond to a dense network of fault sets. These seismic signatures and the enhanced discontinuities disrupting the reflections, which were invisible in the original data, correlate well with the main regional normal faults outcropping at the surface. Moreover, the data reveal higher structural complexity, due to many secondary synthetic and antithetic structures, knowledge of which is useful in modeling of the local and regional distribution of the deformation and potentially in guiding future field mapping of active faults. This proposed approach and workflow can be extended to seismotectonic studies of other high-hazard regions worldwide, where seismic reflection data are available.

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“…CROP-04 Frontiers in Earth Science frontiersin.org (Manning et al, 2019;Dieulangard et al, 2021;Strobbia et al, 2022).…”

Section: Parameterunclassified

Evidencing subtle faults in deep seismic reflection profiles: Data pre-conditioning and seismic attribute analysis of the legacy CROP-04 profile

et al. 2023

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“…This means fewer tools, fewer people, fewer cars, and less maintenance, that is, overall lower operational costs and less error. Wireless technology is revolutionizing seismic data acquisition together with point receivers and MEMS-based digital sensors [22,23]. The new recording system is based on a wireless platform, providing the ability to reduce footprint and improve operational efficiencies; its single-point sensor node (see Figure 7) offers a large surface area and a strong geophone spike and can be buried to improve coupling and reduce environmental noise.…”

Section: Figure 6 Elements Of Layout With Cables In a 3-d Seismic Pro...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Main Aspects of the Implementation of Seismic Projects

Turai-Vurom

2022

Geosciences and Engineering

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The paper presents the planning and workflow of field seismic explorations. Seismic data acquisition has developed significantly over the last 15 20 years; the paper covers the most important changes and developments of this period and goes step-by-step through the process of implementing a land 3-D seismic project. In order to increase efficiency, the different cost reduction technologies appeared on the vibroseis source side in 3-D seismic, and wireless field technology is becoming more and more accepted among the forms of seismic data acquisition. The advances in seismic acquisition, including simultaneous source acquisition, wireless channel systems, and exponential growth in seismic channel count, are revolutionizing surveys. Improved receiver sampling along with high productivity are the drivers for seismic technology today, which means smaller, lighter and less power-hungry equipment, while also increasing channel counts, minimizing system related remediation and HSE risk. A new era in land 3-D seismic surveys has arrived in Europe and in Hungary, too. The author used her experience in the implementation of many domestic and foreign 2-D and 3-D land seismic projects as an observer, shift leader, field manager, and then as a project leader in Europe. She combines these practical experiences with specific aspects of field project design and implementation. The aspects covered in this paper contribute to the professionally efficient and financially profitable implementation of field projects.

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