“…Following a seminal study in Ghana (Besley, 1995), positive impacts of efforts to increase land tenure security on investment in rural areas have been documented in China (Jacoby et al, 2002), Thailand (Feder et al, 1988), Latin America (Bandiera, 2007), Eastern Europe (Rozelle and Swinnen, 2004), and Africa where weak rights, often held by disadvantaged groups or outsiders, lead to significant reduction in fallowing that can be linked to lower yields (Deininger and Jin, 2006;Fenske, 2010Fenske, , 2011Goldstein and Udry, 2008). In urban areas, efforts to enhance tenure security have led to increased levels of self-assessed land values (Lanjouw and Levy, 2002), greater investment in housing, and female empowerment (Field, 2005).…”