Land Tenure, Migration, and Development: A Comparative Case Study

Transnational Traders: El Salvador's Women Couriers in Historical Perspective

“…Up until the 1970s, Yucuaiquenses engaged in a variety of economic activities and tended to acquire land and expand its production. According to officials at the mayor's office, 75% of Yucuaiquenses owned their own arable land through the 1970s (though many households have since sold land to absentee landowners to raise capital for other businesses, today 28% of households own their own land [Garni ; see also Lardé y Larín ]). Patterns in Masahuat are reversed, with most residents living as sharecroppers on regional haciendas and buying or renting land only with the onset of war and mass migration (and the legal right to do so) in the 1980s.…”

“…Patterns in Masahuat are reversed, with most residents living as sharecroppers on regional haciendas and buying or renting land only with the onset of war and mass migration (and the legal right to do so) in the 1980s. In the late 1970s, about 9% of Masahueño households owned their own arable land; today, 22% do, and many more rent land to farm for their subsistence (Garni ).…”

“…In Masahuat, by contrast, residents have largely been unsuccessful in obtaining visas or launching competitive local businesses. Despite similar patterns of migration to and remitting from the United States, Yucuaiquín has three times as many businesses as Masahuat, and while 28 of the retail businesses in Yucuaiquín were launched with investments in excess of $6,000, there are no such businesses in Masahuat (Garni ). A long history of sharecropping followed by national agricultural decline has left many Masahueños without the kinds of assets that Yucuaiquenses have to launch businesses or demonstrate strong ties to El Salvador, obtain visas, and travel.…”

Remesas, gasto y desarrollo económico local: el papel de los hogares mexicanos, 2010-2018

“…El primer canal es la agricultura la cual representa un sector importante debido a que los migrantes proceden preponderantemente de zonas rurales donde su medio de subsistencia son las actividades primarias. En este caso, la tenencia inicial de tierras y la rentabilidad relativa de la agricultura a pequeña escala son factores importantes para el uso productivo de remesas (Garni, 2013). Por ejemplo, Piras et al (2018) encontraron que los hogares con remesas sustituyeron el trabajo familiar por servicios de mecanización e insumos.…”

“…Mejorar el nivel educativo y salud de los miembros del hogar (Azizi, 2018;Thapa & Acharya, 2017;Keshari-Parida & Mohanty, 2018). Impulsar la inversión productiva en países de origen a través de actividades agrícolas y formación de pequeñas empresas (Böhme, 2015;Davis & López-Carr, 2014;Finkelstein & Mandelman, 2016;Garni, 2013;Rozelle et al, 1999;Woodruff & Zenteno, 2007). Impulsar el crecimiento económico (Abduvaliev & Bustillo, 2020;Uddin et al, 2019) y aumentar la oferta de divisas en los países receptores (Mendoza-Cota, 2012;Ratha, 2003).…”