Land Use Change Increases Streamflow Across the Arc of Deforestation in Brazil

Levy, Matthew; Lopes, A. V.; Cohn, Avery; Larsen, Laurel G.; Thompson, Sally

doi:10.1002/2017gl076526

Cited by 85 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…Use of natural and quasi‐experiments to support causal empirical research in sociohydrology is emerging, particularly in data‐scarce regions. A handful of recent studies have leveraged hydrologic modeling and remote sensing to conduct causal inferences in regions that are inaccessible due to remoteness (Müller, Thompson, et al, ), ongoing conflict (Müller et al, ), or political barriers (Müller, Müller‐Itten, et al, ) or where the limited size or representativeness of standard hydrologic monitoring data otherwise prohibits cross‐scale generalization (Levy et al, ).…”

Section: Problem 1: Empirical Causal Inferencementioning

confidence: 99%

Complementary Vantage Points: Integrating Hydrology and Economics for Sociohydrologic Knowledge Generation

Müller

Levy

2019

Water Resources Research

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Because human and environmental systems in the Anthropocene are increasingly coupled, hydrologists and economists often find themselves studying the same systems from different vantage points. Here we argue that synthesis across economics and hydrology can help address two pressing sociohydrologic challenges: actionable prediction and the generation of transferable knowledge from place‐based studies. Specifically, we review (1) empirical methods and (2) theoretical approaches from economics and connect the two through a proposed iterative framework. First, we find that empirical methods for statistical analysis of natural and quasi‐experiments in economics can be leveraged to distinguish causal relations from mere correlations in complex and data scarce systems, which can help address the challenge of sociohydrologic prediction. Second, we find that economic theories based on rational choice can be used to decipher known paradoxes in water resources, which can help address the challenge of sociohydrologic knowledge generation. In both empirical and theoretical domains, specialized knowledge in hydrology remains critical to properly applying techniques from economics to coupled human‐water systems. We propose that linkages between the two fields highlight a large potential for interaction.

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Section: Problem 1: Empirical Causal Inferencementioning

confidence: 99%

Complementary Vantage Points: Integrating Hydrology and Economics for Sociohydrologic Knowledge Generation

Müller

Levy

2019

Water Resources Research

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“…Deforestation changes rainfall interception, albedo and net radiation, turbulent transport, leaf area and canopy resistance, rooting depth and plant‐available water, leading to an evapotranspiration decrease (Jipp et al, ; L. Zhang et al, ), and, consequently, a runoff increase (Bosch & Hewlett, ; M. Zhang et al, ; Levy et al, ; Bruijnzeel, ). The relative importance of these factors depends on climate, soil, and vegetation conditions (L. Zhang et al, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Zhang et al, 2001), and, consequently, a runoff increase (Bosch & Hewlett, 1982;M. Zhang et al, 2017;Levy et al, 2018;Bruijnzeel, 2004). The relative importance of these factors depends on climate, soil, and vegetation conditions (L. Zhang et al, 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Because climate variability is typically high, any underlying changes due either to climate change or land use changes can be effectively obscured (Kundzewicz & Robson, 2004). The effects of these two drivers, climate and land cover changes, are often difficult to isolate in large basins based on either observations or experiments (Arias et al, 2018;Dey & Mishra, 2017;Levy et al, 2018;Davidson et al, 2012) and positive feedback can occur (Nepstad et al, 2001;Nobre et al, 2016;Lima et al, 2013;Costa & Pires, 2010;Knox et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Opposite Effects of Climate and Land Use Changes on the Annual Water Balance in the Amazon Arc of Deforestation

Cavalcante

Pontes

Souza-Filho

et al. 2019

Water Resources Research

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The hydrological effects of forest cover loss are difficult to discern in the case of large‐scale basins with gradual changes and difficult to isolate when climate variability is also present. In the present study, we evaluated the effects of climate variability and human activity on the annual streamflow in a basin in the Amazon arc of deforestation. We statistically analyzed the components of the annual water balance and monthly streamflow and used the currently used Tomer‐Schilling, elasticity, and decomposition of Budyko‐type curve methods to separate climate‐induced changes and anthropogenic effects. Annual series of the monthly maximum and minimum streamflow, total streamflow, and total reference evapotranspiration presented statistically significant increasing trends. No significant trend was observed for precipitation. The greatest change in the average annual runoff coefficient was observed between the first (1973–1984) and second (1985–1994) analyzed periods. Even with the continuous reduction in the forested area, the third (1994–2004) and fourth analyzed periods (2003–2016) showed only relatively small changes, most likely due to the intensity of slash‐and‐burn activities and vegetation regrowth. The methods showed that deforestation was the primary cause of the streamflow changes, but with different intensities, and a small recuperation was observed in the last analyzed period. On average, the annual water yield would increase between 26% and 58% after the first time interval without the opposite effect of climate variability, which must be considered in basin management. Future research should focus on analyzing the water storage and the dependence of the precipitation‐runoff relationship from the climate.

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“…Elemental concentrations in river waters are related to the local geologic setting but are also influenced by various other anthropogenic factors. Changes in land use and land cover can drastically influence natural hydrological regime and quality of stream water and water bodies (Brion et al 2011, Souza-Filho et al 2016, Levy et al 2018. Comparisons of hydrological behavior and elemental concentrations in rivers with different land uses were reported by Neal et al (2012), Wade et al (2012) and Outram et al (2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geochemical distribution and threshold values determination of heavy metals in stream water in the sub-basins of Vermelho and Sororó rivers, Itacaiúnas River watershed, Eastern Amazon, Brazil

Salomão¹,

Dall’Agnol²,

Sahoo³

et al. 2018

Geochim. Bras.

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RESUMOLevantamento geoquímico nas sub-bacias Vermelho (SBV) e Sororó (SBS) da bacia do Itacaiúnas no sudeste da região Amazônica revela que parâmetros físicoquímicos da água superficial não mostram variações acentuadas entre as estações chuvosa e seca. Com exceção de Fe e Mn, em geral os demais metais revelam baixas concentrações na água e não foram observadas evidências significativas de contaminação. Conteúdos comparativamente mais elevados foram obtidos principalmente durante a estação chuvosa. Fe e Mn se distribuem regularmente na água na área estudada e o aumento de seu conteúdo foi favorecido pelo desmatamento. A concentração de Mn aumenta durante a estação seca possivelmente devido a processos biogeoquímicos. Altas concentrações de Fe e Mn em águas superficiais são inerentes às condições locais da região Amazônica. Fatores geogênicos influenciam a distribuição na água de Co, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, Sn, V e Zn. Efeitos antrópicos são subordinados, exceto para Fe e Mn ou em áreas localizadas. A definição de valores de threshold para As, Co, Cr e Pb, apresentou limitações. Valores de threshold puderam ser definidos em pelo menos uma estação nas duas sub-bacias para Cu, Ni, Sn, V e Zn. No caso de Fe total, foram obtidos valores de threshold de 5 a 6 mg/L e de 2 a 3 mg/L nas estações chuvosa e seca, respectivamente. Os valores de threshold para Mn são de 0,30 a 0,45 mg/L na estação chuvosa e, na estação seca, decrescem para 0,20 a 0,30 mg/L na VSB e aumentam para 1,3 a 1,4 mg/L na SSB. Palavras-chave: Geoquímica de água fluviais; Valores de threshold; Metais pesados; Bacia do rio Itacaiúnas; Amazônia Oriental. ABSTRACTGeochemical survey in the Vermelho (VSB) and Sororó (SSB) sub-basins of the Itacaiúnas basin in southeastern Amazonian region has shown that the physicalchemical parameters of stream water do not display accentuated variations between the rainy and dry seasons. Except for Fe and Mn, in general most metals show low contents in water and evidences of significant contamination were not observed. Higher contents were mostly registered during the rainy season. Fe is regularly distributed in water in the studied area and the increase of its concentration was favored by deforestation. Mn contents increase during the dry season possibly due to biogeochemical processes. High Fe and Mn contents in water are inherent to the specific local conditions prevalent in the Amazonian region. Geogenic influence in metal distribution in water is significant for Co, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, Sn, V, and Zn. Anthropic effects are subordinate except for Fe and Mn or in local areas. The definition of threshold values for As, Co, Cr, and Pb, was limited, however, threshold values for Cu, Ni, Sn, V, and Zn were estimated for at least one season in each sub-basin. Threshold values of total iron were obtained (5 to 6 mg/L and 2 to 3 mg/L in the rainy and dry seasons, respectively). Estimated Mn threshold values are 0.30 to 0.45 mg/L in the rainy season and in the dry season they decrease to 0.20 to 0.30 mg/L in VSB and increase to 1.3 to 1.4 mg...

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Land Use Change Increases Streamflow Across the Arc of Deforestation in Brazil

Cited by 85 publications

References 66 publications

Complementary Vantage Points: Integrating Hydrology and Economics for Sociohydrologic Knowledge Generation

Complementary Vantage Points: Integrating Hydrology and Economics for Sociohydrologic Knowledge Generation

Opposite Effects of Climate and Land Use Changes on the Annual Water Balance in the Amazon Arc of Deforestation

Geochemical distribution and threshold values determination of heavy metals in stream water in the sub-basins of Vermelho and Sororó rivers, Itacaiúnas River watershed, Eastern Amazon, Brazil

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