“…In addition, relational data in terms of directionality of calling and texting between users can be used to infer social networks in cyberspace (Kang, Zhang, Ma, & Liu, ) or detect community boundaries (Gao, Liu, Wang, & Ma, ; Sevtsuk & Ratti, ; Shi, Chi, Liu, & Liu, ). Variations in aggregated call volumes at different server towers across time can be used to study location characteristics and infer urban land use types and patterns (Pei et al, ; Ríos & Muñoz, ). This land use information can further contribute to innovative understanding of urban spatial structures and planning (Louail et al, ).…”