Land-use intensification and environmental degradation: empirical evidence from irrigated and rain-fed farms in south eastern Nigeria

Urama, Kevin

doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2004.11.018

Cited by 29 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…The rainy season lasts about seven months, from April to October, but is generally longer in the Niger Delta and near the coast (Olaniran & Sumner, 1989; Metz, 1992). Mean annual temperatures in this region range from 22°C to 38°C, with an overall mean of about 26°C (Government of Nigeria, 1953; Urama, 2005).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlates with the distribution and abundance of endangered Sclater’s monkeys (Cercopithecus sclateri) in southern Nigeria

Baker

Olubode

2008

African Journal of Ecology

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A distribution survey of the endangered Sclater's monkey (Cercopithecus sclateri) was conducted over a wide area in southern Nigeria using forest surveys and hunter interviews. Sclater's monkey, Nigeria's only endemic primate species, is restricted to a land area of about 28,500 km 2 in the densely human-populated, oil-producing region of southern Nigeria. Results indicate that this species is not as rare as previously thought; we confirmed its presence in 27 formerly unknown sites. Based on encounter-rate and distribution data, Sclater's monkey is one of the two most abundant diurnal primate taxa across its range. However, the species primarily occupies isolated and degraded forest fragments. Although hunting is widespread, selective hunting of larger-bodied primate taxa offers some respite for the smaller Sclater's monkey. We encountered this species more frequently in forests with relatively high hunting pressure, possibly indicating competitive release in the heavily hunted forests of southern Nigeria. Long-term persistence of Sclater's monkey, which has no official protection throughout its range, depends on the willingness of hunters to target smaller-bodied wildlife (effortprofit trade-off), local bushmeat demand and protection of key forest fragments and the few larger forests in the region. Nous avons rencontré cette espèce plus fréquemment dans les forêts où la pression de la chasse était relativement forte, ce qui indique peut-être un relâchement de la compétition dans les forêts du sud du Nigéria où la chasse est très intense. La survie à long terme du moustac de Sclater, qui ne bénéficie d'aucune protection officielle dans toute son aire de répartition, dépend de la décision des chasseurs de cibler aussi des espèces plus petites (compromis effort ⁄ profit), de la demande locale pour la viande de brousse et de la protection des fragments de forêt critiques et des quelques plus grandes forêts de la région.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlates with the distribution and abundance of endangered Sclater’s monkeys (Cercopithecus sclateri) in southern Nigeria

Baker

Olubode

2008

African Journal of Ecology

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“…Quando são avaliados os potenciais de irrigação para produção agrícola, geralmente só são considerados os fatores financeiros e técnicos, em detrimento dos ambientais e sociais. Como conseqüência, a prática de irrigação pode provocar aumento da erosão, contaminação do solo e conseqüente conta-minação da vegetação, poluição das águas superficiais e subterrâneas, entre outros efeitos adversos (Urama, 2005). O escoamento superficial da água proveniente da irrigação carrega sais, fertilizantes, praguicidas e outros poluentes para as águas superficiais, causando efeitos nocivos aos organismos aquáticos, além de prejudicar o homem pela má qualidade da água que será utilizada para diversas finalidades.…”

Section: O Uso Da áGua Na Irrigaçãounclassified

Supporting Information and Challenges in the Establishment of Irrigation Water Quality Criteria for Chemicals

Valente-Campos¹,

Umbuzeiro²,

Nascimento³

2008

Ecotoxicol. Environ. Contam.

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RESUMO Em decorrência principalmente da contaminação dos recursos hídricos, valores máximos permitidos para as substâncias químicas vêm sendo estabelecidos para cada um dos usos individualizados da água, a fim de garantir a qualidade desse recurso para cada finalidade (consumo humano, irrigação, dessedentação de animais e recreação, entre outras). O Brasil possui até o momento critérios de qualidade de água somente para substâncias químicas para consumo humano (potabilidade). A irrigação representa um dos usos de água mais importantes no território brasileiro. Com o objetivo de fornecer subsídios para futuro estabelecimento de valores máximos permitidos nacionais para irrigação, este trabalho descreve a metodologia de cálculo desses valores e as principais dificuldades e desafios encontrados para o seu estabelecimento. Verificou-se que os critérios de qualidade de água para irrigação são fundamentados em dados de fitotoxicidade, independem da origem da água e variam entre si em razão das diferentes taxas de irrigação utilizadas nos cálculos e diferentes espécies de plantas consideradas. A escolha das espécies vegetais a serem protegidas e das substâncias químicas que devem ser legisladas depende da importância destas para cada país, estado ou região, o que confirma a necessidade de estabelecimento de valores máximos específicos para cada país.

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“…Population was the leading factor of regional man-land relationship, and any land management practices was induced by human behaviors (URAMA, 2005). The increase of population undoubtedly resulted in that the number of other land use patterns (e.g., forest land, unused land, etc.)…”

Section: Populationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Land use change and its socio-economic driving forces under stress of project in old reservoir area

Shao

Huang

et al. 2005

Chin. Geograph.Sc.

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The old reservoir areas built in 1950s-1970s left behind many socio-economic problems, because of the administrative backward migration and little migration fund, and all these problems would be tied to land. Based on interviewing with peasant households, combining land use survey and socio-economic statistical index, this paper analyzed land use change and its corresponding driving forces in Linshui reservoir area of Dahonghe Reservoir. Results showed that land use change in the reservoir area was mainly embodied on low-lying land submergence and migration requisition land. The former changed the land use patterns, and the latter mainly reconstructed original land property and made land over-fi'agmented. Cultivated land per capita was 0.041ha in this area, below the cordon of cultivated land per capita enacted by FAO. Currently, there were still 30.25% of peasant households being short of grain in trimester of one year, and there were 35.27% of people living under the poverty line. The conditions of eco-environment in Linshui Reservoir Area were worse, and healthy and sub-healthy eco-environment accounted for less proportion, composed of green belt around the reservoir area and paddy field ecosystem, and economic forest and orchard ecosystem, respectively. The stress of the reservoir project was macroscopic background to analyze the driving factors of land use change, and real underlying diving factor of the land use change in the area was the change of cultural landscape under the stress of reservoir project. The rapid increase of population was the key factor to induce the change of man-land relationship in the reservoir area, the low level of rural economy was the crucial factor to decide how migrants input for production, and the belief of migrants, influencing the land use patterns in a certain extent, was the inducing factor to keep land use stable. The low-lying submergence and infi'astructure construction accompanied the reservoir project were leading factors driving land use change in the area, while changes in land use patterns, after the reservoir being built, were the responses of peasant households' behaviors to land use change. KEY WORDS: land use change; socio-economic driving factor; project stress; old reservoir area CLC number: F301.24 Document code: A

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Land-use intensification and environmental degradation: empirical evidence from irrigated and rain-fed farms in south eastern Nigeria

Cited by 29 publications

References 20 publications

Correlates with the distribution and abundance of endangered Sclater’s monkeys (Cercopithecus sclateri) in southern Nigeria

Correlates with the distribution and abundance of endangered Sclater’s monkeys (Cercopithecus sclateri) in southern Nigeria

Supporting Information and Challenges in the Establishment of Irrigation Water Quality Criteria for Chemicals

Land use change and its socio-economic driving forces under stress of project in old reservoir area

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