Land-Water Interface Resolved from Airborne LIDAR Bathymetry (ALB) Waveforms

Pe’eri, Shachak; Morgan, Lynnette; Philpot, William; Armstrong, Andrew

doi:10.2112/si_62_8

Cited by 25 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Lidars for shallow water bathymetry are increasingly utilized in coastal water research, as evidenced by the recent special issues in the Journal of Coastal Research focusing on lidar (Brock and Purkis 2009;Pe'eri and Long 2011), and have also been used in combination with other remote sensing techniques to map riverbed topologies (Feurer et al 2008). Lidars for shallow water bathymetry are increasingly utilized in coastal water research, as evidenced by the recent special issues in the Journal of Coastal Research focusing on lidar (Brock and Purkis 2009;Pe'eri and Long 2011), and have also been used in combination with other remote sensing techniques to map riverbed topologies (Feurer et al 2008).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ranging through Shallow Semitransparent Media with Polarization Lidar

Mitchell

Thayer

2014

Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology

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A new approach to shallow depth measurement (,2 m) using polarization lidar is presented. The transmitter consists of a 532-nm linearly polarized laser coupled with conditioning and polarization optics. The prototype lidar evaluates the differing polarization attributes of signals scattered from semitransparent media surfaces, simultaneously receiving signals polarized in the planes parallel and perpendicular to the transmitted laser signal via dual photomultiplier tubes. In the event the first surface nearly preserves the incident polarization and the second surface depolarizes the incident energy, signals scattered from the second surface are isolated from the first by a polarization analyzer in the receiver. This approach translates depth measurements into the conditions of single surface range measurements, giving the ability to resolve extremely shallow depths (e.g., 1 cm) independent of laser or detector pulse widths. This approach can circumvent dead time issues in photon-counting systems and can be applied to extremely shallow and deeper waters for depth determination. Furthermore, the approach provides an estimate of the first surface linear depolarization ratio, enabling differentiation between surfaces with variable scattering properties. Using this technique to acquire range-resolved observations through shallow semitransparent media to measure depth removes the dependency on sophisticated and, subsequently, costly lidar components by becoming independent of system bandwidth. The limiting factor in-depth resolution is driven only by the timing resolution of the time-to-digital converter. This approach allows for the use of common lasers, optics, and detector equipment, making it comparatively cheaper and less complex while achieving vast improvement in the accuracy and precision of shallow depth measurements.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ranging through Shallow Semitransparent Media with Polarization Lidar

Mitchell

Thayer

2014

Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology

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“…Moreover, the classification of the ALB data was studied using inherent characteristics of the recorded waveforms [7,8]. Pe'eri et al [9] investigated ALB-based land-water interface algorithms with green-, red-, and infrared channel waveforms to detect the shoreline of rocks, vegetation and man-made features. As a further application ALB was applied to map submerged archaeological structures over large areas in high detail.…”

Section: Airborne Laser Bathymetrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of three airborne laser bathymetry data sets for monitoring the German Baltic Sea Coast

et al. 2015

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Airborne laser bathymetry (ALB) can be used for hydrographic surveying with relative high resolution in shallow water. In this paper, we examine the applicability of this technique based on three flight campaigns. These were conducted between 2012 and 2014 close to the island of Poel in the German Baltic Sea. The first data set was acquired by a Riegl VQ-820-G sensor in November 2012. The second and third data sets were acquired by a Chiroptera sensor of Airborne Hydrography AB in September 2013 and May 2014, respectively. We examine the 3D points classified as seabed under different conditions during data acquisition, e.g. the turbidity level of the water and the flight altitude. The analysis comprises the point distribution, point density, and the area coverage in several depth levels. In addition, we determine the vertical accuracy of the 3D seabed points by computing differences to echo sounding data. Finally, the results of the three flight campaigns are compared to each other and analyzed with respect to the different conditions during data acquisition. For each campaign only small differences in elevation between the laser and the echo sounding data set are observed. The ALB results satisfy the requirements of IHO Standards for Hydrographic Surveys (S-44) Order 1b for several depth intervals.

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“…Airborne LiDAR bathymetry (ALB) uses scanning and pulsed laser beams from air to detect shallow waters, showing high efficiency, accuracy, and resolution and economy, safety, and flexibility [1,2]. Apart from water depth measurement [3][4][5][6][7][8], ALB has been applied to water-land discrimination [9][10][11][12], suspended sediment concentration monitoring [13,14], ocean wave pattern analysis [15][16][17][18], and seabed classification [19][20][21]. Integrated infrared (IR) and green ALB systems use green laser with a wavelength of 532 nm to detect water bottom and IR laser with a wavelength of 1064 nm to detect water surface.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feature Selection and Mislabeled Waveform Correction for Water–Land Discrimination Using Airborne Infrared Laser

Liang

Zhao

et al. 2021

Remote Sensing

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The discrimination of water–land waveforms is a critical step in the processing of airborne topobathy LiDAR data. Waveform features, such as the amplitudes of the infrared (IR) laser waveforms of airborne LiDAR, have been used in identifying water–land interfaces in coastal waters through waveform clustering. However, water–land discrimination using other IR waveform features, such as full width at half maximum, area, width, and combinations of different features, has not been evaluated and compared with other methods. Furthermore, false alarms often occur when water–land discrimination in coastal areas is conducted using IR laser waveforms because of environmental factors. This study provides an optimal feature for water–land discrimination using an IR laser by comparing the performance of different waveform features and proposes a dual-clustering method integrating K-means and density-based spatial clustering applications with noise algorithms to improve the accuracy of water–land discrimination through the clustering of waveform features and positions of IR laser spot centers. The proposed method is used for practical measurement with Optech Coastal Zone Mapping and Imaging LiDAR. Results show that waveform amplitude is the optimal feature for water–land discrimination using IR laser waveforms among the researched features. The proposed dual-clustering method can correct mislabeled water or land waveforms and reduce the number of mislabeled waveforms by 48% with respect to the number obtained through traditional K-means clustering. Water–land discrimination using IR waveform amplitude and the proposed dual-clustering method can reach an overall accuracy of 99.730%. The amplitudes of IR laser waveform and the proposed dual-clustering method are recommended for water–land discrimination in coastal and inland waters because of the high accuracy, resolution, and automation of the methods.

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Land-Water Interface Resolved from Airborne LIDAR Bathymetry (ALB) Waveforms

Cited by 25 publications

References 10 publications

Ranging through Shallow Semitransparent Media with Polarization Lidar

Ranging through Shallow Semitransparent Media with Polarization Lidar

Comparison of three airborne laser bathymetry data sets for monitoring the German Baltic Sea Coast

Feature Selection and Mislabeled Waveform Correction for Water–Land Discrimination Using Airborne Infrared Laser

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