Landfill Sites Selection Using Analytical Hierarchy Process and Ratio Scale Weighting: Case Study of Al-Mahawil, Babylon, Iraq

Chabuk, Ali; Al‐Ansari, Nadhir; Hussain, Hussain Musa; Knutsson, Sven; Pusch, Roland

doi:10.4236/eng.2017.92006

Cited by 17 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…The "archaeological" criterion is the national cultural heritage, which includes numerous archeological and historical sites. In the current study, the criteria "oil and gas field" were adopted to protect important infrastructure, which is considered the most valuable source of national wealth [45,46]. "Geological formations" describes the outcropped and subsurface lithology.…”

Section: The Hierarchical Scheme For Landfill Sitingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Landfill Site Selection Using MCDM Methods and GIS in the Sulaimaniyah Governorate, Iraq

et al. 2019

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A shortage of land for waste disposal is one of the serious problems that faces urban areas in developing countries. The Sulaimaniyah Governorate, located in the north of Iraq, is one of the major cities in the Kurdistan Region of the country, covering an area of 2400 km2 with a population of 856,990 in 2016. Currently, there is no landfill site in the study area that meets scientific and environmental criteria, and inappropriate solid waste dumping is causing negative environmental impacts. The process of landfill site selection is considered a complex process and is restricted by numerous factors and regulations. This paper proposes multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) methods in a model for landfill site decision. The model assumes the input of two groups of factors that need to satisfy the optimal values of weight coefficients. These groups of constants are natural factors and artificial factors, and they included thirteen selected criteria: slope, geology, land use, urban area, villages, rivers, groundwater, slope, elevation, soil, geology, road, oil and gas, land use, archaeology and power lines. The criteria were used in the geographic information system (GIS), which has a high capacity to process and analyze various data. In addition, multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) methods followed by the weighted linear combination (WLC) method were used to derive criteria weightings using a matrix of pair-wise comparison. Finally, all the multi criteria decision methods were combined to obtain an intersection of the suitability index map for candidate landfill sites. Seven appropriate sites for landfill were suggested, all of which satisfied the scientific and environmental criteria which were adopted in this study.

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Section: The Hierarchical Scheme For Landfill Sitingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Landfill Site Selection Using MCDM Methods and GIS in the Sulaimaniyah Governorate, Iraq

et al. 2019

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“…Using the GIS software (10.5 (Lulea University of Technology, Lulea, Sweden)), for the high vulnerability criteria, 15 final maps were produced for the study area. These criteria are discussed and explained in [51][52][53][54][55][56]. Geologically, clastic (fertile) materials known as alluvial deposits extend from the surface to a depth of more than 50 m, and no rocks are exposed in this area [57].…”

Section: Selecting and Assessing The Candidate Sites For Landfillmentioning

confidence: 99%

Landfill Final Cover Systems Design for Arid Areas Using the HELP Model: A Case Study in the Babylon Governorate, Iraq

et al. 2018

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The main purpose of selecting proper designs for landfills is to accommodate quantities of waste without having a negative effect on the surrounding environment and human health. The Babylon Governorate (province) in Iraq was taken as an example of an arid area with very shallow groundwater and where irregular waste disposal sites had developed that had not been subject to international standards when they were selected for landfill use. In the current study, the suggested design for landfills is a base liner and final cover system. In this suggested design, the final cover system allows for three scenarios. The first scenario considers an evapotranspiration soil cover (ET) (capillary barriers type), the second scenario is a modified cover design of “RCRA Subtitle D”, and the third scenario is a combination of the first and second scenarios. The HELP 3.95 D model was applied to the selected landfill sites in the governorate to check if there was any penetration of the leachate that might in future percolate from the landfill’s bottom barrier layer in arid areas. The results from the suggested landfill design showed that there was no leachate percolation from the bottom barrier layer using the second and third scenarios. For the first scenario, however, there was a small amount of leachate through the bottom barrier layer in the years 2013 and 2014.

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“…The maps layers of 15 criteria were prepared in the GIS software. Finally, ten candidate sites were obtained on the final map(s) within the most suitable area category two for each district in Babylon Governorate [44,[50][51][52][53][54] (Table 6). On the satellite images of the Babylon Governorate, the selected candidate sites were checked (Fig.…”

Section: Siting Criteriamentioning

confidence: 99%

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2016

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The landfill design is necessary to be implemented in various regions to protect public human health and the factors of environment. The suggested design of landfill was performed in the arid areas, where that Babylon Governorate, Iraq was selected as a case study. Babylon Governorate is located in the middle of Iraq. The suggested design for the selected sites for landfill in the arid areas was consisted of the base liner and final cover systems. The HELP 3.95D model was applied on both systems to check if there is any leakage by leachate from the suggested soil layers of landfill base on the water balance in Babylon Governorate for the years 2005-2016. The suggested design of final cover system was implemented based on weather parameters in the arid areas through storing water that coming from the surface within upper layers that have fine particles and over the top barrier without leakage into the waste body, thereby preventing leachate generation. This is allowing to the stored water to evaporate from the surface of soil or transpire through vegetation due to the high temperature during the most months in the study area. The results showed there was no percolation of leachate through the base liner system. The design of final cover system was acted to reduce the runoff on the surface and increase the actual evaporation.

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Landfill Sites Selection Using Analytical Hierarchy Process and Ratio Scale Weighting: Case Study of Al-Mahawil, Babylon, Iraq

Cited by 17 publications

References 23 publications

Landfill Site Selection Using MCDM Methods and GIS in the Sulaimaniyah Governorate, Iraq

Landfill Site Selection Using MCDM Methods and GIS in the Sulaimaniyah Governorate, Iraq

Landfill Final Cover Systems Design for Arid Areas Using the HELP Model: A Case Study in the Babylon Governorate, Iraq

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