Landscape Approach in City-Planning

Abstract

Aim. The aim is to justify the application of the landscape approach in urban planning on the basis of theoretical concepts of landscape studies and the requirements of urban planning practices. Discussion. The basic scheme of the landscape approach is to study the natural and anthropogenic landscape as a complex geosystem consisting of a complex of various components which form the planning structure of the city. In territorial and urban planning, the structure and properties of natural and urban landscapes are revealed using functional, historical-genetic, morphotypic, geo-ecological and visual research methods. Abroad, a similar trend is called "landscape urbanism", the theoretical basis of which is based on the understanding that the best option for the organization of urban areas should be based on the landscape features of the city. With the use of the above-mentioned approaches, an urban landscape approach is being formed, a new nature-urban planning system which, in addition to natural complexes, includes man-made structures: buildings, infrastructure, parks and squares. If the natural landscape is a self-regulating geo-system, then the urban one is controlled by man. When taking actions to transform natural landscapes should be taken into account their structure and functioning, as well as the limits of possible impacts and the likely consequences of these changes. Conclusion. The demand for a landscape approach is constantly growing as a result of the significant transformation of modern cities, the replacement of architectural styles, the growth of urban space and communications, the desire to improve the quality of the urban environment and the comfort of the urban population.

Ecological risks of a steppe nature management: detection, classification and ways to overcome them (on the example of the Orenburg region)

“…A character of the spatial distribution of the ecological risks' sources in the agrarian-industrial steppe region allows to put a question about a formation of the "antiecological" framework of the territory where areal objects might be considered as cores and linear objects -as corridors. A territorial planning should take into account an antagonistic interaction of the existing "antiecological" and the projecting ecological frameworks and a nature conservation network [7,8].…”

Assessment of urban planning concepts for the development of post-industrial cities

“…Environmental friendliness and efficiency of using urban areas and infrastructures [6,7,13,16]. This criterion for assessing the sustainable development of post-industrial cities consists in the balance of consumption and reproduction of energy resources.…”

“…B. Kochurov notes in his article that the urban landscape is built on the basis of the existing natural landscape. This means that the sustainable development of post-industrial cities and settlements depends on taking into account the planning resources of the natural landscape, the historical context, economic opportunities and the technical level of the implementation of the concept of sustainable development [7].…”

Ornamental trees and shrubs in green areas of the South-East coast of the Crimea

“…was assessed based on our own observations and data of other researchers. Providing our investigations and giving recommendations we take into account trends of modern landscape gardening and studies of colleagues [7][8][9][10].…”