Through this special issue, we aim to contribute to the conceptualisation of landscape identity in the context of landscape change. Interest in landscape identity has been growing over the past decade, paralleled by a heightened understanding of landscape change. The papers presented in this special issue provide a diversity of empirical studies and theoretical reflections. They also provide a broad geographical coverage, from Japan to Portugal; a diversity of scales, dealing with local and global issues; and a broad spectrum of methodological approaches from quantitative questionnaires to studies of discourses in literature. The special issue came about through a session on landscape change and landscape identity held at the Permanent European Conference on the Study of Rural Landscapes (PECSRL) in Innsbruck 2016, which in turn built on a similar session from PECSRL 2014 in Gothenburg. The special issue starts with a paper by Kati Lindström where she addresses the UNESCO listing of Mount Fuji, as an example of intangible landscape change, to discuss the multiple and diverse ways in which identity of the landscape is formed, reformed, and transformed by local, regional, and global agendas. Piret Pungas-Khov and Ene-Reet Soovik also address the intangible, presenting a study of literature on Mires in Estonia, where text acts as a driver for changing, and a lens for addressing, identity developed through the transforming discourses. Butler et al., in their quantitative study, focus on the dramatic change brought about through a forest fire in Sweden and how this has impacted on the landscape identity and its relationship to activities undertaken in the landscape. The paper also addresses how a landscape's change affects how people engage and how activities act as anchors for identity. More tangible landscape changes are also taken up by Isabel Loupa Ramos et al. Using a multi-method approach, they question how changes to physical elements in the landscape, which function as anchors for identity, are fundamental for understanding connections to the landscape. In the final paper, Joanna Storie and Mart Külvik reveal the interplay between landscape and community identity and how both develop through participatory processes in the village of Kaldabruņa in Latvia. The contributions provide an insight into the diversity of landscape identity studies, empirically as well as methodologically, in relation to changing landscapes. In this editorial, we set out a frame for the subsequent papers, examining the perceived duality between the landscape's physical identification and its role as a medium for developing individual and social identity. First, we touch on the two pillars of the special issue-landscape change and landscape identity-before delving deeper into an understanding of what landscape identity means in relation to transformation. The dialogue with theory is supplemented with an overview of the articles presented in this special issue in relation to potential directions for future theoretical consideration. Chang...