Landscape complexity differentially affects alpha, beta, and gamma diversities of plants occurring in fencerows and crop fields

Poggio, Santiago L.; Chaneton, Enrique J.; Ghersa, Claudio M.

doi:10.1016/j.biocon.2010.06.014

Cited by 105 publications

(120 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…For instance, maintaining networks of roadside vegetation (e.g., undisturbed roadside vegetation or fence rows) may be crucial for promoting habitat complexity and biodiversity in intensively managed agricultural landscapes (Szpeiner et al 2007, Poggio et al 2010, Cerezo et al 2011). …”

Section: Conservation Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Landbird Assemblages in Different Agricultural Landscapes: A Case Study in the Pampas of Central Argentina

2013

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Abstract. A combination of elements (e.g., crops and pasture lands, strips of roadside vegetation, woodlots, temporary wetlands) increases the heterogeneity of rural landscapes. Agricultural landscapes range from homogeneous, dominated by a single element (i.e., pure cropland or pure pastoral farming) to heterogeneous, dominated by two or more elements (i.e., mixed farming). In this study we characterized landbird assemblages in various agricultural landscapes (cropland, pastoral, and mixed landscapes) in the Pampas of central Argentina, surveying along transects to quantify species richness, composition, and abundance. Mixed landscapes were more heterogeneous than pastoral areas and cropland. Species richness, particularly of generalists, was greater in mixed landscapes. Richness of grassland specialists (species of increased conservation concern in the Pampas) was lower in croplands than in pastoral and mixed landscapes. An indicator-species analysis supported the association of some grassland specialists (Rhea americana, Asthenes hudsoni, Embernagra platensis, Pseudoleistes virescens) with pastoral landscapes. Our results suggest that maintaining landscape heterogeneity throughout the Pampas (i.e., mixed landscapes) is important for preserving species richness of birds. But several threatened grassland specialists inhabiting the Pampas, such as Rhea americana and Asthenes hudsoni, are found exclusively in pastoral landscapes, so the long-term survival of these species will depend on the conservation of this landscape type.Key words: agroecosystem, grassland bird species, land use, matrix, Neotropical Region. Ensambles de Aves Terrestres en Diferentes Paisajes Rurales: Un Estudio de Caso en las Pampas del Centro de ArgentinaResumen. La combinación de elementos del paisaje (e.g., cultivos, pastizales, vegetación de bordes de caminos, arboledas y humedales temporarios) incrementa la heterogeneidad y define diferentes tipos de paisajes rurales, desde paisajes homogéneos dominados por un único elemento (i.e., paisaje de cultivo o ganadero) hasta paisajes heterogéneos dominados por dos o más elementos (i.e., paisajes mixtos). En este estudio caracterizamos los ensambles de aves terrestres en diferentes tipos de paisajes rurales de la Pampa argentina (paisajes de cultivos, ganaderos y mixtos). Las aves terrestres fueron muestreadas con transectas para determinar la riqueza de especies, la composición y la abundancia en cada tipo de paisaje rural. El paisaje mixto tuvo una mayor heterogeneidad que los paisajes de cultivos y ganaderos. El paisaje mixto tuvo una mayor riqueza de especies que los paisajes de cultivos y ganaderos, en especial de especies generalistas. Por otro lado, el paisaje de cultivos tuvo la menor riqueza de especialistas de pastizal (aquellas con problemas de conservación en la Pampa) que los paisajes ganaderos y mixtos. Un análisis de especies indicadoras destacó la asociación entre algunas especies de pastizal (Rhea americana, Asthenes hudsoni, Embernagra platensis, Pseudoleistes virescens) y el ...

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Section: Conservation Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Landbird Assemblages in Different Agricultural Landscapes: A Case Study in the Pampas of Central Argentina

2013

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“…Many studies have also evaluated the positive relationship between stability and species richness (and vice versa); [52][53][54]) and the role that spatial heterogeneity plays in favoring richness [55][56][57]. In addition, human activities have become a major control of the Earth's system [58], affecting both biodiversity patterns and drivers [59][60][61][62][63]. The strength of such effects varies locally depending on the human pressure and the biodiversity component.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental and Human Controls of Ecosystem Functional Diversity in Temperate South America

et al. 2013

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Abstract:The regional controls of biodiversity patterns have been traditionally evaluated using structural and compositional components at the species level, but evaluation of the functional component at the ecosystem level is still scarce. During the last decades, the role of ecosystem functioning in management and conservation has increased. Our aim was to use satellite-derived Ecosystem Functional Types (EFTs, patches of the land-surface with similar carbon gain dynamics) to characterize the regional patterns of ecosystem functional diversity and to evaluate the environmental and human controls that determine EFT richness across natural and human-modified systems in temperate South America. The EFT identification was based on three descriptors of carbon gain dynamics derived from seasonal curves of the MODIS Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI): annual mean (surrogate of primary production), seasonal coefficient of variation (indicator of seasonality) and date of maximum EVI (descriptor of phenology). As observed for species richness in the southern hemisphere, water availability, not energy, emerged as the main climatic driver of 128EFT richness in natural areas of temperate South America. In anthropogenic areas, the role of both water and energy decreased and increasing human intervention increased richness at low levels of human influence, but decreased richness at high levels of human influence.

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“…Along with the agricultural expansion, during the last decades, the size of agricultural plots has increased, and areas that were previously left as margins with spontaneous vegetation are now cultivated, decreasing the area occupied by corridors (Poggio, Chaneton, & Ghersa, 2010). Therefore, the crop field matrix is increasing its dominance, along with an increase in woodlots, human houses and poultry farms or other intensive rural activities (Fraschina, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Landscape Scale in the Distribution of Rodents in an Agroecosystem of Argentina

Fraschina¹,

León²,

Busch³

2014

JAS

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The goal of this study was to assess the effect of the different habitats on rodent diversity, and to estimate the effect of changes in land use on the rodent abundance through different possible scenarios. We sampled poultry farms, human houses, riparian habitats, railway embankments, woodlots, pasture, crop fields and their borders. The habitats with highest frequency of captures were poultry farms and crop field borders, mainly because of Mus musculus and Akodon azarae captures, respectively. All rodent species were found in at least six of the nine habitats sampled, but in some of them with low frequency. The different habitats differed in their contribution to the abundance of each species. Crop fields and pasture borders contributed more than 40% to the abundance of A. azarae, Oxymycterus rufus, Oligoryzomys flavescens and Calomys musculinus, while poultry farms had higher abundance of M. musculus. Woodlots and railway embankments showed a high contribution to O. flavescens abundance. The increase in the area covered by crop fields and human habitats led to an increase in the abundance of M. musculus and Calomys spp. and to a decrease in the relative abundance of other species. Considering the role of habitat diversity in rodent diversity, our results suggest that none of the species studied, except M. musculus, which is highly dependent on farms, depends on a single habitat and that their abundance is supported by a variety of less perturbed habitats. The current changes in land use would generate an increase in M. musculus abundance in detriment of wildlife species which are associated with undisturbed habitats.

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Landscape complexity differentially affects alpha, beta, and gamma diversities of plants occurring in fencerows and crop fields

Cited by 105 publications

References 56 publications

Landbird Assemblages in Different Agricultural Landscapes: A Case Study in the Pampas of Central Argentina

Landbird Assemblages in Different Agricultural Landscapes: A Case Study in the Pampas of Central Argentina

Environmental and Human Controls of Ecosystem Functional Diversity in Temperate South America

Role of Landscape Scale in the Distribution of Rodents in an Agroecosystem of Argentina

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