Landscape Perception Through Participation: Developing New Tools for Landscape Analysis in Local Planning Processes in Norway

Clemetsen, Morten; Krogh, Erling; Thorén, Kine Halvorsen

doi:10.1007/978-90-481-9932-7_11

Cited by 6 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Spencer (2011) describes a method relying on group discussions, plenary discussions and workshops for identification of local values, issues and knowledge to set the agenda and develop an action plan. Clemetsen et al (2011) name their method 'landscape resource analysis' and emphasize meaningful dialogue and active landscaping through a phenomenological perspective and sense of place approach. Verbal methods can also be used in problem solving through meetings and interviews as described by Larsson et al (2011).…”

Section: Elc and Public Participationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Public participation in landscape planning: Effective methods for implementing the European Landscape Convention in Norway

Eiter¹,

Vik

2015

Land Use Policy

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Section: Elc and Public Participationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Public participation in landscape planning: Effective methods for implementing the European Landscape Convention in Norway

Eiter¹,

Vik

2015

Land Use Policy

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“…Comprehending the perceptions, meanings and values of a landscape is based on the knowledge and its articulations by those who encounter the landscape. This is recognised within the ELC through its emphasis on the need for participation (Council of Europe 2000a, Art 5c), a topic which has been addressed by numerous researchers (Scott 2002;Selman 2004;Jones 2007;Stenseke 2009;Clemetsen, Krogh et al 2011;Conrad, Cassar et al 2011;Jones 2011;Planchat-Héry 2011). In contrast awareness-raising (Art 6a, Council of Europe 2000a), which is also central to an understanding of landscape, is a relatively untouched topic.…”

Section: Awareness-raisingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Awareness-raising of landscape in practice. An analysis of Landscape Character Assessments in England

Butler

Åkerskog

2014

Land Use Policy

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Access to the published version may require journal subscription. Published with permission from: Elsevier. Awareness-raising of landscape in practice. An analysis of Landscape Character Assessments in England AbstractAwareness-raising is one of the measures which signatories to the European Landscape Convention are expected to realise, yet it is unclear what awareness-raising entails when related to an ambiguous subject such as landscape. Our study builds a conceptual understanding of awareness-raising of landscape, recognising that it cannot be a purely top-down process but needs to be seen as a "multi-directional transfer of knowledge" or "co-creation of meaning". We have used this conceptual understanding as a lens for analysing practices which in some form help raise awareness of landscape. Document studies of Landscape Character Assessments undertaken in England since 2007 and interviews with key actors involved in Landscape Character Assessments were carried out in order to understand how awareness-raising is addressed. The findings suggest that while often overlooked or recognised as a top down endeavour landscape assessments have potential to develop cocreation of meaning.

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“…These bodily encounters are tied to socialised cultural contexts (Clemetsen et al, 2011) and impacted on by a multitude of other acts of landscaping. In such a way it can be seen that perception is relational rather than primarily subjective, filtered through "social structures and fostered through socialization" (Hague & Jenkins, 2005).…”

Section: Landscape Perceptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This work has been wide ranging, from value systems to visual preferences. The latter, visual preferences, sees human connection with the landscape as a predominantly passive relationship (Wylie, 2007) and diminishing the focus of other human environment relationships (Clemetsen et al, 2011). It is such an approach which has had most prevalence in landscape planning, for example through landscape characterisation.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The result of this is that different people experience different landscapes at the same location and time (Uzzell, 1991). Individuals' experience with landscape can be seen to be private encounters only made accessible to others through conveyance as a concept expressed and made legible through shared language.These bodily encounters are tied to socialised cultural contexts (Clemetsen et al, 2011) and impacted on by a multitude of other acts of landscaping. In such a way it can be seen that perception is relational rather than primarily subjective, filtered through "social structures and fostered through socialization" (Hague & Jenkins, 2005).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Landscape Character Assessment as an Approach to Understanding Public Interests within the European Landscape Convention

Butler

Berglund

2012

Landscape Research

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The European Landscape Convention's (ELC) definition of landscape, "an area, as perceived by people…" places the public central to any understanding of landscape. This paper argues for 'just' involvement of the public and looks at how the focus of landscape as a perceived entity has been taken up within Landscape Character Assessment (LCA), an approach applied in the England and Scotland for implementing the ELC. Based on a conceptual framework grounded in perception as a phenomenological experience of landscape and informed by principles of participation, LCA's from 2007 to 2011 have been assessed as to how public involvement has been considered. The results show that only a quarter of all assessments accessed involved the public, and that among these there is great disparity in the degree to which the public is engaged. IntroductionLandscape has been referred to as an integrating, holistic concept, which provides common ground for diverse disciplines and actors to address shared problems (Tress et al., 2003;Naveh, 2001;Fry, 2001). Yet the concept landscape is situated in an increasingly complex social and economic context. Building on Castells' thesis of the 'Information age' it has been noted that shared values diminish, and that conflict and tension heightens as the diversity of values increases (Healey, 1996;Innes, 2003; Tress et 1 al., 2003). Competing values are seen as being founded on technical advances, increased mobility and contact between diverse cultures. Landscape can be considered one of the arenas where these contested values can create conflict, as a diversity of users and the interests they bring with them vie for limited resources.The significance of landscape for the well-being of individuals and society is well recognised (Luginbűhl, 2006; EEA, 2007) as is the implication of quality of place for attracting local businesses and population into competing urban regions (Selman, 2006). At odds with this realisation of the benefits of landscape as a resource is the frequently commented perception of deterioration of the landscape across Europe (Buchecker et al, 2003).It is within this context that the European Landscape Convention (ELC) was conceived. As the first regional international treaty concerning landscape (Prieur, 2006), the ELC sits under the auspices of the Council of Europe (CoE). As such the convention can be seen as a tool to forward the CoE's objectives for democracy, extension of human rights, and raising awareness of European cultural identity and diversity (CoE, 2011).Unlike the European Union or European Commission, the work of the CoE does not constitute law nor represent the power of the state but can be viewed as more of a "moral authority" (Olwig, 2007). This position allows individual signatory states to choose the means to fulfil the obligations of the convention from within their own legal system and national planning traditions (Prieur, 2006). In such a way the aim of the Convention is not to develop a new order within landscape dictated from Europe, but t...

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Landscape Perception Through Participation: Developing New Tools for Landscape Analysis in Local Planning Processes in Norway

Cited by 6 publications

References 8 publications

Public participation in landscape planning: Effective methods for implementing the European Landscape Convention in Norway

Public participation in landscape planning: Effective methods for implementing the European Landscape Convention in Norway

Awareness-raising of landscape in practice. An analysis of Landscape Character Assessments in England

Landscape Character Assessment as an Approach to Understanding Public Interests within the European Landscape Convention

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