Landscapes of political memories: War legacies and land negotiations in Laos

Baird, Ian G.; Billon, Philippe Le

doi:10.1016/j.polgeo.2012.04.005

Cited by 54 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…An important part of the fieldwork involved traveling to various large-scale plantations, where we observed the particular circumstances of the plantations, and interviewed villagers and rubber tappers in the vicinities of these concessions. This work builds upon previous studies of land concessions conducted in both countries by the first author [16][17][18]55,56] and in northeastern Cambodia by the second author [57][58][59] and can be seen as part of longitudinal research by both authors that stretches back more than twenty years. While the fieldwork portion of this study was relatively short, we are confident in our findings, as they build on many years of previous research in these and other areas looking at similar issues.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 77%

“…Munroe et al ([40], p. 12), for example, integrated LCS with economic geography in order to better understand the distal impacts of "land grabs", including considering the impact of "how remittances from low-wage migrants are changing the production possibilities of landscapes half a world away". In El Salvador, Hecht and Saatchi [55] analyzed satellite imagery to test the relative impact of foreign remittances on forest cover between 1992 and 2001. They found for every percentage point increase in remittances, there was a 0.25 increase in the percentage of land with 30% or more tree cover.…”

Section: Teleconnections and Telecouplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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How Land Concessions Affect Places Elsewhere: Telecoupling, Political Ecology, and Large-Scale Plantations in Southern Laos and Northeastern Cambodia

Baird

Fox

2015

Land

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Over the last decade considerable research has been conducted on the development and the impacts of large-scale economic land concessions for plantations in Laos and Cambodia. These studies have variously illustrated that concessions frequently result in serious negative impacts on local people and the environment, often leading to dramatic transformations of landscapes and livelihoods. As important as this research has been, these studies have largely focused on the immediate impacts of the "enclosure" process associated with gaining access to land by investors. In this study we take a different approach, investigating the implications of large-scale land concessions in southern Laos and northeastern Cambodia with regard to places outside of actual concession areas, both within the countries where the concessions are located and beyond. These links have been referred to as "teleconnections" or "telecoupling", and adopting a "telecoupling" approach allows us to focus on particular relations between land-use change in one location and land-use change elsewhere, either nearby or distant, as the result of large-scale plantation development, both during the early plantation development period, and later when plantations are productive. It also provides opportunities to engage with Land Change Science (LCS) through Political Ecology (PE). OPEN ACCESSLand 2015, 4 437

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 77%

Section: Teleconnections and Telecouplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

How Land Concessions Affect Places Elsewhere: Telecoupling, Political Ecology, and Large-Scale Plantations in Southern Laos and Northeastern Cambodia

Baird

Fox

2015

Land

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“…However, these kinds of efforts are not always successful, and are dependent on context, including the willingness and ability of villagers to articulate them, and the receptiveness of government officials. There are also other important factors, such as the individual connections and political histories of those making localized moral arguments (Baird and Le Billion, 2012 [41]; Baird, 2014 [42]). In this case, Meng said his family also benefited from being able to claim that they had occupied the land in the area "for over 100 years."…”

Section: The Case Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although most of the articles in the JPS resistance to land grabbing collection are focused in Africa and Latin America, much has been written about resistance to development projects in Asia (i.e., Tsing, 2005 [46]; Price and Singer, 2015 [47]), including large-scale plantation-based land concessions (Hall et al, 2011 [7]; Baird and Le Billon, 2012 [41]; Borras and Franco, 2013 [3]; Li, 2014 [48]; McAllister, 2015 [18]; Sampat, 2015 [49]; Bedi, 2015 [50]). Of particular relevance, Kerkvliet (2014) [51] has written 1 Positionality refers to both the fact of and the specific conditions associated with a particular social situation (Crang and Cook, 2007 [52] [55] in particular reference to protests in China.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resistance and Contingent Contestations to Large-Scale Land Concessions in Southern Laos and Northeastern Cambodia

Baird

2017

Land

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Over the last decade, there have been considerable concerns raised regarding the social and environmental impacts of large-scale land concessions for plantation development in various parts of the world, especially in the tropics, including in Laos and Cambodia. However, there is still much to learn about the various connections and interactions associated with reactions to what are often referred to as "land grabs", and the ways they are associated or not associated with broader social movements and networks opposed to land grabbing. There is also the need to develop language for discussing these circumstances, something I aim to contribute to in this article. Here, I present four different cases of types of resistance, or what I refer to as contingent contestations, to land concessions in southern Laos and northeastern Cambodia (two from each country), focusing on the perspectives and associated strategies of smallholder farmers, but without ignoring broader issues. I consider the roles of locals in these contestations, through emphasizing the importance of histories, identities/ethnicities, politics, and geography in determining the types of responses to these land deals that emerge, and the strategies that are adopted for contesting these developments.

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“…The challenge for human geographers producing narratives of landscape and memory has been registered in two closely-related topics, including the landscape study of war memory and the amnesic phenomenon during urban redevelopment [6,25,26]. Many studies have found that due to the design disorder and a lack of collective memory during the landscape construction process, the culture of cities tended to be similar [27].…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Revival and Restructuring of a Traditional Folk Festival: Cultural Landscape and Memory in Guangzhou, South China

Hui-ling

Wei

2017

Sustainability

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Abstract:Landscape is an important object for research on local culture from a cultural geographical perspective. It is the spatial nature of memory that has seen the integrative study of memory and landscape receive increased attention from human geographers. The Qiqiao Festival is a traditional folk festival in the Lingnan region of Southern China. After half a century of suppression, the Qiqiao Festival in Zhucun was publically revitalized as the Guangzhou Qiqiao Cultural Festival, which coincided with the changing structure and significance of the landscape. This paper selected Zhucun, a typical urban village, as its case study and constructed an index system of festival landscapes. Through in-depth interviews, this paper studied the revival and restructure process of the Qiqiao Festival, and the role that landscapes play in the formation mechanism of memory on the part of subjects with different identities. The results showed that the elite and the local government selectively restructure festival landscapes, replacing authentic landscapes with "official" ones. The selection and production of a festival landscape constructed different memories among the subjects, where the festival memory of grassroots villagers was self-constructed and mostly came from traditional festival landscape elements while top-down interventions in the festival landscape constructed a different "official" memory for citizens and migrants to those of the villagers. The contemporary festival deviates from the original, which has weakened the conscious degree of cultural evolution and has had a reaction on the authenticity of memory. This research serves a reference for approaches in planning and conserving intangible cultural heritage in historic villages.

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Landscapes of political memories: War legacies and land negotiations in Laos

Cited by 54 publications

References 37 publications

How Land Concessions Affect Places Elsewhere: Telecoupling, Political Ecology, and Large-Scale Plantations in Southern Laos and Northeastern Cambodia

How Land Concessions Affect Places Elsewhere: Telecoupling, Political Ecology, and Large-Scale Plantations in Southern Laos and Northeastern Cambodia

Resistance and Contingent Contestations to Large-Scale Land Concessions in Southern Laos and Northeastern Cambodia

The Revival and Restructuring of a Traditional Folk Festival: Cultural Landscape and Memory in Guangzhou, South China

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