Landscaping of highway medians and roadway safety at unsignalized intersections

Chen, Hongyun; Fabregas, Aldo; Lin, Pei-Sung

doi:10.1016/j.aap.2016.02.006

Cited by 12 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…The authors counter that the assumptions and design standards of "clear zones" may apply differently between high-speed rural roads and low-speed urban streets and supporting research (from their review) has demonstrated that street trees, specifically, can moderate crash incidence and severity differently across different types of roadways. This point is further emphasized by a more recent study found in our present review, where Chen et al (2016) concluded that improper planting and maintenance-not merely the presence of trees in roadway medians and intersections-increased crash incidence and severity; the authors recommended that landscape maintenance should be a normalized form of "engineering technology" to reduce vehicle-related injuries or fatal crashes [81].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 50%

Street Trees for Bicyclists, Pedestrians, and Vehicle Drivers: A Systematic Multimodal Review

2021

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Multimodal Complete Streets have emerged as a prominent aspiration of urban planning to ensure safe access for all users of streets including pedestrians, bicyclists, motorists, and transit users. Concurrently, municipal leaders are pursuing ambitious tree planting initiatives. These co-arising trends are potentially good news, as trees are important elements of livable cities and Complete Streets. Yet, street trees may have different health and safety benefits and disbenefits for various circulation modes. To advance a multimodal approach to research and practice, we undertook a systematic literature review with goals to (1) identify the scholarly literature addressing links between street trees, human health, and safety for pedestrians, bicyclists, and vehicle drivers; (2) depict the principal disciplines, themes, and conceptual scope of this research; and (3) discuss the implications for urban planning and design practice and research. This review drew upon 13 scholarly databases and yielded 63 relevant articles spanning 15 countries, of which 49 constituted original research. The systematic analysis covers eight research categories. Findings show exponential growth in related scholarship over the past two decades, especially for pedestrians. Journals oriented toward interdisciplinary planning and public health and safety are leading this rise, and benefits far outweigh disbenefits. Yet, there are multimodal tensions especially as it relates to the role of street trees in relationship to drivers and pedestrians. Implications for research and practice are discussed, with an eye towards governance, design, and equity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 50%

Street Trees for Bicyclists, Pedestrians, and Vehicle Drivers: A Systematic Multimodal Review

2021

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“…(4) Using the experimental results of drivers' response time of different highway landscapes, we can calculate the stop sight distance at the speed of 80 km/h of highway landscape, thus providing the basis for road alignment design and landscape layout in safety aspect. (5) Since the reaction time is one of the parameters to effect the stop distance and the stop distance is an important factor affecting traffic safety, the longer reaction time will make the longer stop distance and will increase the probability of accidents.…”

Section: Conclusion and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The highway landscape has a significant impact on the physiological and psychological responses of drivers, which further affects their driving behaviors [1,2]. A good highway landscape allows the drivers not only to feel comfortable and concentrated, but also to be more responsive and to operate the vehicle more accurately, which could lead to reduction of traffic crashes [3][4][5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Highway Landscapes on Drivers’ Eye Movement Behavior and Emergency Reaction Time: A Driving Simulator Study

Guo

Chen³

et al. 2019

Journal of Advanced Transportation

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This study aims at investigating the effects of highway landscapes and alignments on drivers’ eye movement behavior and emergency reaction time, based on a driving simulator experiment. In this study, four simulation scenarios are evaluated including open space, semiopen space, semiclosed space, and enclosed space landscapes on highways in Yunnan Province, China. Twenty-four experienced drivers participated in a 6-kilometer driving experiment in each landscape scenario. Each subject was required to drive at 80 km/h in the scenarios and the driving behavior data were collected. Three different data analysis methods were employed: (1) descriptive analysis of the characteristics of drivers’ visual fixation area; (2) statistical tests of emergency reaction time with drivers’ demographic characteristics, highway landscapes, and alignments; and (3) multiple linear regression analysis of emergency reaction time, highway landscapes, and alignments. The results show that emergency reaction time is significantly influenced by highway landscapes and alignments, and the multiple linear regression model built in this experiment could accurately predict drivers’ emergency reaction time in different highway landscapes and alignments.

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“…Several studies [6][7][8][9] addressed road debris as a potentially contributing component relevant to road safety and the operational performance of a freeway by increasing the queue length, volume, and density. In particular, Singh et al 9 showed that road debris accounts for 7.3% of the road traffic accidents in Srinagar, India, during one-year period.…”

Section: Road Debrismentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of an automated road debris removal system on traffic flow using VISSIM

Yang

Kim

et al. 2020

SIMULATION

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This study introduces a state-of-the-art road debris removal system (i.e., automated road debris removal system (ROBOS)) and analyzes its impact on traffic flow using the microscopic simulation model, VISSIM. Robust simulation scenarios were established, and the major parameters of individual scenarios were also included based on extensive interviews with road workers. The performances of road workers and the ROBOS in regard to road debris removal were investigated in terms of four measures of effectiveness. These included queue, density, percentage delay, and number of vehicle stops. To mimic the major arterial roadways in South Korea, two-lane, three-lane, and four-lane roads were considered for implementing the road debris removal process. The simulation results as well as the statistical analysis revealed that the ROBOS outperforms the direct removal by road workers in all aspects. Thus, the ROBOS can remove the debris more safely and efficiently. The findings of this research can improve institutional operational guidelines for the ROBOS by providing an appropriate range for its parameters. This can result in enhancing traffic safety and efficiency. Notwithstanding the simulation results, the more unexpected cases, such as the driver carelessness during removal work, should be reflected in future research to thoroughly prevent the potential risk of accidents as well as maintaining smooth traffic flow.

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Landscaping of highway medians and roadway safety at unsignalized intersections

Cited by 12 publications

References 6 publications

Street Trees for Bicyclists, Pedestrians, and Vehicle Drivers: A Systematic Multimodal Review

Street Trees for Bicyclists, Pedestrians, and Vehicle Drivers: A Systematic Multimodal Review

Effects of Highway Landscapes on Drivers’ Eye Movement Behavior and Emergency Reaction Time: A Driving Simulator Study

Impact of an automated road debris removal system on traffic flow using VISSIM

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