Landslide Hazard Mitigation in the Hindu Kush-Himalayas

Li, Tianchi; Chalise, S. R.; Upreti, B. N.

doi:10.53055/icimod.374

Cited by 34 publications

(9 citation statements)

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“…The Siwalik in Nepal is characterized by the presence of sedimentary rocks such as shale, mudstone, sandstone, and conglomerate in various proportions (Dhital 2015, Sah 1999, Thakur 2001, Upreti 2001. Considering the lithological contrast, color, and thickness, the rock units in the study area are classified into four parts (Figure 2): the Lower Siwalik, the lower Middle Siwalik (MS1), the upper Middle Siwalik (MS2), and the Upper Siwalik (Neupane & Paudyal 2021).…”

Section: Geological Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Landslide susceptibility analysis using frequency ratio and weight of evidence approaches along the Lakhandehi Khola watershed in the Sarlahi District, southern Nepal

et al. 2023

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Landslide susceptibility maps are considered as one of the most important keys to limiting and dodging potential landslide consequences worldwide. In the present study, landslide susceptibility maps are prepared using bivariate models: frequency ratio and weight of evidence approaches. At first, randomly selected 80% of landslides i.e.,one hundred eighty landslides are used as training data for the preparation of the model, and the rest 20% of landslides i.e.,forty-five landslides for its validation. Similarly,thematic layers of nine causative factors of landslides such as slope, aspect, curvature, stream density, TWI(Topographic Wetness Index), land use, geology, distance from river and distance from the road have been analyzed for the modeling in ArcGIS. Finally, prepared landslide susceptibility maps are classified into five classes from Very Low to Very High from both methods. The area of Low, Moderate, High, and Very High susceptible classes is also nearly equal. The success rate curve of FR (Frequency Ratio), and WOE (Weight of the Evidence), show accuracy of 71.09%, and 75.62% respectively. Likewise, the prediction rate curve shows 72.87% and 76.66% accuracy on FR and WOE methods respectively. Since the susceptibility maps prepared through both approaches show an accuracy of >70%, the result is deliberated as fair. These maps are useful to all the stakeholders for land use planning and developing mitigation strategies against the consequences of increasing landslides in the Siwalik Hills of Nepal.

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Section: Geological Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Landslide susceptibility analysis using frequency ratio and weight of evidence approaches along the Lakhandehi Khola watershed in the Sarlahi District, southern Nepal

et al. 2023

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“…The well-settled mid-hill region, ranging between 1200 and 3000 masl, is situated north of the Chure range. Last, the mountain region, consisting of land above an elevation of 3000 m, encompasses the Himalayan mountain range (Upreti 2001;Bricker et al 2014). In Chure, the mid-hills, and the mountains, most of the population depends on spring sources for domestic water supply, whereas people in the Terai use shallow tube wells and open wells.…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Drying of Springs in the Himalayan Region of Nepal: Perspectives of Local Government Leaders on Causes, Consequences, and Conservation Efforts

Thapa,

Bhattarai,

Dahal

et al. 2023

Mountain Research and Development

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Spring water plays a crucial role in sustaining life in the Himalayas. Yet these vital water sources are drying as a result of natural and anthropogenic factors. In July and August 2020, we conducted phone interviews with leaders from 300 local government units across Nepal to identify the status of spring drying, the main causes, the consequences for local communities, measures adopted, conservation practices, and policies. Springs had dried up in 74% of local government units, with medium to severe problems across 44%. The scarcity of drinking water because of drying springs is the most severe issue, leading to outmigration in the search for water, as reported by 7% of the local governments. Road and infrastructure construction is the main cause of springs drying up, followed by earthquakes and climate change. Problems of spring drying are more prevalent in the Chure region, followed by the mid-hills and mountains. Local governments have used various strategies to mitigate the problem, such as rainwater harvesting, reforestation, lifting, and boring. Spring conservation work has been included in local governments' annual plans, programs, and budgets, but most of them focus on drinking water. Therefore, the problem must be addressed as quickly as possible with the participation of all stakeholders and following a bottom-up approach.

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“…Landslides pose serious threats to communities, especially in mountainous regions such as the Himalayan range where thousands of lives and billions of Euros are lost every year because of landslides (Upreti et al, 2001). For this mountainous landscape, earthquakes are a common triggering factor for landslides, causing disastrous cascading effects (e.g., Roback et al, 2018; Sato et al, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating earthquake legacy effect on hillslope deformation using InSAR‐derived time series

He,

Lombardo,

Chang

et al. 2023

Earth Surf Processes Landf

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Mountainous landscapes affected by strong earthquakes typically exhibit higher landslide susceptibility in post‐seismic periods compared to pre‐seismic conditions. This concept is referred to as the earthquake legacy effect, which needs to be better understood to develop an accurate post‐seismic landslide hazard assessment. The earthquake legacy effect is mainly assessed by monitoring either rapid landslide occurrences or slow‐moving landslides over time. However, landslide inventories provide discrete information both in spatial and temporal domains, whereas monitoring only selected slow‐moving landslides discards the response of hillslopes exposed to a given earthquake. Therefore, to provide a more comprehensive understanding of the concept, this research focuses on post‐seismic hillslope evolution by examining the deformation time series generated from the Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar technique over the area affected by the 2017 Mw 6.4 Nyingchi earthquake, China. We also analyse factors controlling these InSAR‐derived hillslope deformations. Our results show a high coherence between hydrologic conditions (i.e., precipitation and terrestrial water storage) and surface deformation in pre‐ and post‐seismic periods. The earthquake disturbs this strong correlation for a while (~2 years) right after the seismic tremor, and then, a seasonal deformation pattern depending on hydrologic conditions appears again. Our findings show that the average post‐seismic hillslope deformation is still higher than its pre‐seismic counterpart approximately four and a half years after the earthquake. These findings trigger further research questions regarding whether hillslopes could fully recover after a major earthquake or gain a new level of hillslope susceptibility caused by intense ground shaking.

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Landslide Hazard Mitigation in the Hindu Kush-Himalayas

Cited by 34 publications

References 0 publications

Landslide susceptibility analysis using frequency ratio and weight of evidence approaches along the Lakhandehi Khola watershed in the Sarlahi District, southern Nepal

Landslide susceptibility analysis using frequency ratio and weight of evidence approaches along the Lakhandehi Khola watershed in the Sarlahi District, southern Nepal

Drying of Springs in the Himalayan Region of Nepal: Perspectives of Local Government Leaders on Causes, Consequences, and Conservation Efforts

Investigating earthquake legacy effect on hillslope deformation using InSAR‐derived time series

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