Landslide Monitoring Using Low Cost GNSS Equipment – Experiences from Two Alpine Testing Sites

Heunecke, Otto; Glabsch, Jessica; Schuhbäck, Stefan

doi:10.17265/1934-7359/2011.08.001

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…This restricts the possibility of its application to institutions that can afford it and reduces the number of permanent stations that can be built, with a correspondent decrease in the efficiency of the monitoring system. In recent years, however, the attention of the GNSS community has been drawn to the possible application of low-cost GNSS receivers, which for such small networks might be capable of producing useful results (Heunecke et al 2011;Buchli et al 2012;Benoit et al 2014;Cina and Piras 2014). For this reason, the authors of this paper have started studying the problem to show that the approach can be very advantageous from an economic standpoint when low-cost receivers are used and an inexpensive (or even free) open-source software package is applied to build an authentic low-cost monitoring system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Study on Low-Cost Satellite-Based Geodetic Monitoring over Short Baselines

Caldera¹,

Realini²,

Barzaghi

et al. 2016

J. Surv. Eng.

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The use of geodetic techniques, in particular of the global positioning system (GPS), or other global navigation satellite systems (GNSS), for monitoring different kinds of deformations is a common practice. This is typically performed by setting a network of geodetic GPS/GNSS receivers, allowing accuracies in the order of millimeters. The use of lower-cost devices has been recently studied, showing that good results can be achieved. In this paper, the impact of the software used for the data analysis is also investigated to verify whether a fully low-cost monitoring system, i.e., both hardware and software, can be set up. This is done by performing a series of relative positioning experi-ments in which data are processed by different software packages. The main result is that by using a low-cost u-blox EVK-6T GPS receiver and analyzing its data with free and open-source software, movements of the order of a few millimeters can be detected when a short baseline with daily solutions is used.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Study on Low-Cost Satellite-Based Geodetic Monitoring over Short Baselines

Caldera¹,

Realini²,

Barzaghi

et al. 2016

J. Surv. Eng.

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show abstract

“…Although the standard deviation for some solutions was particularly high (e.g., 0.249 m for the N coordinate in 2022), showing that there were some outliers probably caused by the large distance between BRU1 and UDI2, the average values were only a few centimeters (0.024 m at most for the E coordinate in 2022, the cause of which is probably also related to the reference coordinates). Considering that the recommended baseline for a GNSS monitoring system is about 5 km [ 25 , 36 , 37 ], these performance test results are encouraging, taking into account the long baseline tested (58 km) and the fact that the solution was obtained with a single-frequency GNSS.…”

Section: Applications Of the Lzer0 Platformmentioning

confidence: 93%

LZER0: A Cost-Effective Multi-Purpose GNSS Platform

Zuliani

Tunini

Severin³

et al. 2022

Sensors

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Recent advances in Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) technology have made low-cost sensors available to the mass market, opening up new opportunities for real-time ground deformation and structure monitoring. In this paper, we present a new product developed in this framework by the National Institute of Oceanography and Applied Geophysics–OGS in collaboration with a private company (SoluTOP SAS): a cost-effective, multi-purpose GNSS platform called LZER0, suitable not only for surveying measurements, but also for monitoring tasks. The LZER0 platform is a complete system that includes the GNSS equipment (M8T single-frequency model produced by u-blox) and the web portal where the results are displayed. The GNSS data are processed using the RTKLIB software package, and the processed results are made available to the end user. The relative positioning mode was adopted both with real-time and post-processing RTKLIB engines. We present three applications of LZER0—cadastral, monitoring, and automotive—which demonstrate that it is a flexible, multi-purpose platform that is easy to use in terms of both hardware and software, and can be easily deployed to perform various tasks in the research, educational, or professional sectors.

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“…Whereas the dual-frequency station tracks both L1 and L2 carrier signals, the singlefrequency devices are able to track only the L1 carrier from the GPS satellites. However, their capacity for measuring relative positions reaches centimeter-level repeatability for hourly sessions, and millimeter-level repeatability for daily sessions [27] in the post-processing mode if their data are calculated with respect to a reference station placed at a distance not exceeding 10 km [28]. It is worth noting that all of the movements measured at each station refer to the first measured position (time differencing) and that the differential approach over short baselines allows attenuating or eliminating common-mode errors (such as atmospheric biases, antenna phase center offsets and variations, etc.).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, the staff of CRS installed the station of TOLS (located less than 1.5 km south-east of FUSE, see Figure 1a) to ensure the functioning of the system in the case of unexpected failures at the FUSE station. As we are using single-frequency devices, we had to ensure that we relied on short baselines, i.e., less than 5 km with at least 1 h of data, and on GPS stations located roughly at the same latitude, in order to provide a significative reduction of the measurement errors induced by the troposphere and the ionosphere [28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38], and to ensure centimeter-level accuracy.…”

Section: Managing Tool and The Calculation Of Displacementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cost-Effective, Single-Frequency GPS Network as a Tool for Landslide Monitoring

Zuliani

Tunini

Traglia

et al. 2022

Sensors

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The constant monitoring of active landslides, particularly those located in the proximity of populated areas or touristic places, is crucial for early warning and risk-management purposes. The commonly used techniques deploy expensive instrumentation that can be hardly afforded, especially by small mountain communities in which landslide events often occur repeatedly. In recent years, the scientific community, as well as the private sector, have devoted growing effort to reducing the costs of monitoring systems. In this work, we present a monitoring network based on single-frequency Global Positioning System (GPS) sensors that have been activated to monitor an active landslide in the Carnic Alps, North-Eastern Italy. The system, which was composed of 12 single-frequency GPS stations, one seismometric station coupled with a single-frequency GPS instrument for real-time monitoring, and one permanent dual-frequency GPS station located in a stable area, provided daily reports of the landslide motion to the local authorities and administration. We show that this system is a valuable, flexible, and cost-effective tool for quick landslide characterization, and has high potential to be used as a landslide early warning system in case of emergency situations.

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Landslide Monitoring Using Low Cost GNSS Equipment – Experiences from Two Alpine Testing Sites

Cited by 8 publications

References 3 publications

Experimental Study on Low-Cost Satellite-Based Geodetic Monitoring over Short Baselines

Experimental Study on Low-Cost Satellite-Based Geodetic Monitoring over Short Baselines

LZER0: A Cost-Effective Multi-Purpose GNSS Platform

Cost-Effective, Single-Frequency GPS Network as a Tool for Landslide Monitoring

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