Landslide susceptibility mapping using J48 Decision Tree with AdaBoost, Bagging and Rotation Forest ensembles in the Guangchang area (China)

Hong, Haoyuan; Liu, Junzhi; Bui, Dieu Tien; Pradhan, Biswajeet; Acharya, Tri Dev; Pham, Binh Thai; Zhu, A‐Xing; Chen, Wei; Ahmad, Baharin Bin

doi:10.1016/j.catena.2018.01.005

Cited by 429 publications

(211 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…This better performance is confirmed to be statistically significant with the used Wilcoxon signed-rank test. This finding is in agreement with the results from recent studies i.e., in ( [58][59][60][61]) that reported that the ensemble models outperform single machine learning models. In contrast to GBM and RF, LR consistently yields the lowest results compared to the other implemented models.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Landslide Susceptibility Assessment at Mila Basin (Algeria): A Comparative Assessment of Prediction Capability of Advanced Machine Learning Methods

Merghadi

Boumezbeur

Bui

2018

IJGI

132

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Abstract:Landslide risk prevention requires the delineation of landslide-prone areas as accurately as possible. Therefore, selecting a method or a technique that is capable of providing the highest landslide prediction capability is highly important. The main objective of this study is to assess and compare the prediction capability of advanced machine learning methods for landslide susceptibility mapping in the Mila Basin (Algeria). First, a geospatial database was constructed from various sources. The database contains 1156 landslide polygons and 16 conditioning factors (altitude, slope, aspect, topographic wetness index (TWI), landforms, rainfall, lithology, stratigraphy, soil type, soil texture, landuse, depth to bedrock, bulk density, distance to faults, distance to hydrographic network, and distance to road networks). Subsequently, the database was randomly resampled into training sets and validation sets using 5 times repeated 10 k-folds cross-validations. Using the training and validation sets, five landslide susceptibility models were constructed, assessed, and compared using Random Forest (RF), Gradient Boosting Machine (GBM), Logistic Regression (LR), Artificial Neural Network (NNET), and Support Vector Machine (SVM). The prediction capability of the five landslide models was assessed and compared using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, the area under the ROC curves (AUC), overall accuracy (Acc), and kappa index. Additionally, Wilcoxon signed-rank tests were performed to confirm statistical significance in the differences among the five machine learning models employed in this study. The result showed that the GBM model has the highest prediction capability (AUC = 0.8967), followed by the RF model (AUC = 0.8957), the NNET model (AUC = 0.8882), the SVM model (AUC = 0.8818), and the LR model (AUC = 0.8575). Therefore, we concluded that GBM and RF are the most suitable for this study area and should be used to produce landslide susceptibility maps. These maps as a technical framework are used to develop countermeasures and regulatory policies to minimize landslide damages in the Mila Basin. This research demonstrated the benefit of selecting the best-advanced machine learning method for landslide susceptibility assessment.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Landslide Susceptibility Assessment at Mila Basin (Algeria): A Comparative Assessment of Prediction Capability of Advanced Machine Learning Methods

Merghadi

Boumezbeur

Bui

2018

IJGI

132

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“…Model validation is an important part of landslide susceptibility research which determines the accuracy of the study [26,129]. The landslide susceptibility maps will have no practical significances without model validation [130].…”

Section: Model Validation and Comparisonmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Eventually, the accuracy of this research was validated by the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and the results indicated that the landslide susceptibility map produced by EBF-LR model has the highest accuracy (0.826), followed by IoE-LR model (0.825), WoE-LR model (0.792), EBF model (0.791), IoE model (0.778), and WoE model (0.753). The results of this study can provide references of landslide prevention and land use planning for local government.Symmetry 2019, 11, 762 2 of 24years, machine learning method has been gradually applied in landslide susceptibility mapping researches, such as artificial neural network (ANN) [17][18][19], support vector machine (SVM) [20][21][22], logistic model tree (LMT) [23,24], rotation forest (RF) [25,26], classification and regression tree (CART) [27,28], adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference systems (ANFIS) [29,30], and genetic algorithm (GA) [31,32]. Furthermore, statistical approach is another widely-used model which can also be divided into two types: bivariate and multivariate.…”

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confidence: 99%

Landslide Susceptibility Mapping for the Muchuan County (China): A Comparison Between Bivariate Statistical Models (WoE, EBF, and IoE) and Their Ensembles with Logistic Regression

Wang

2019

Symmetry

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The main purpose of this study is to apply three bivariate statistical models, namely weight of evidence (WoE), evidence belief function (EBF) and index of entropy (IoE), and their ensembles with logistic regression (LR) for landslide susceptibility mapping in Muchuan County, China. First, a landslide inventory map contained 279 landslides was obtained through the field investigation and interpretation of aerial photographs. Next, the landslides were randomly divided into two parts for training and validation with the ratio of 70/30. In addition, according to the regional geological environment characteristics, twelve landslide conditioning factors were selected, including altitude, plan curvature, profile curvature, slope angle, distance to roads, distance to rivers, topographic wetness index (TWI), normalized different vegetation index (NDVI), land use, soil, and lithology. Subsequently, the landslide susceptibility mapping was carried out by the above models. Eventually, the accuracy of this research was validated by the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and the results indicated that the landslide susceptibility map produced by EBF-LR model has the highest accuracy (0.826), followed by IoE-LR model (0.825), WoE-LR model (0.792), EBF model (0.791), IoE model (0.778), and WoE model (0.753). The results of this study can provide references of landslide prevention and land use planning for local government.Symmetry 2019, 11, 762 2 of 24years, machine learning method has been gradually applied in landslide susceptibility mapping researches, such as artificial neural network (ANN) [17][18][19], support vector machine (SVM) [20][21][22], logistic model tree (LMT) [23,24], rotation forest (RF) [25,26], classification and regression tree (CART) [27,28], adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference systems (ANFIS) [29,30], and genetic algorithm (GA) [31,32]. Furthermore, statistical approach is another widely-used model which can also be divided into two types: bivariate and multivariate. In statistical approaches, the weight of each class of every factor was calculated by overlying the landslide inventory map and landslide conditioning factors map [33,34]. The frequently-used statistical approaches are frequency ratio (FR) [35][36][37], logistic regression (LR), evidential belief function (EBF) [38,39], weights of evidence (WoE) [40,41], certainty factor (CF) [42,43], and information value (IV) [44,45].In this paper, three bivariate statistical methods, namely weight of evidence (WoE), evidence belief function (EBF), index of entropy (IoE), coupled with logistic regression (LR) were introduced to carry out the landslide susceptibility mapping in Muchuan County, which lies in the southeast of Sichuan Province, China. All the approaches were first applied in Muchuan County and the main purpose of this article is to obtain the landslide susceptibility maps through the above models. The main difference between this study and literatures referenced above is to achieve accurate landslide susceptibility maps for...

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“…Among the machine learning methods, artificial neural network [19,20], fuzzy logic [21,22], neuro-fuzzy [23], support vector machine [24,25], random forest [26,27], and naïve Bayes tree [17,28] methods have been popularly applied.More recently, ensemble machine learning techniques have been used to enhance the prediction power and robustness of landslide susceptibility assessment. The ensemble methods, formed by a combination of variously based classifiers, have typically demonstrated significant improvement [17,24,29,30]. Ensemble techniques, which are relatively new approaches for producing a landslide susceptibility map, have been rarely used in the field.…”

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confidence: 99%

Landslide Susceptibility Mapping Based on Random Forest and Boosted Regression Tree Models, and a Comparison of Their Performance

2019

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This study aims to analyze and compare landslide susceptibility at Woomyeon Mountain, South Korea, based on the random forest (RF) model and the boosted regression tree (BRT) model. Through the construction of a landslide inventory map, 140 landslide locations were found. Among these, 42 (30%) were reserved to validate the model after 98 (70%) had been selected at random for model training. Fourteen landslide explanatory variables related to topography, hydrology, and forestry factors were considered and selected, based on the results of information gain for the modeling. The results were evaluated and compared using the receiver operating characteristic curve and statistical indices. The analysis showed that the RF model was better than the BRT model. The RF model yielded higher specificity, overall accuracy, and kappa index than the BRT model. In addition, the RF model, with a prediction rate of 0.865, performed slightly better than the BRT model, which had a prediction rate of 0.851. These results indicate that the landslide susceptibility maps (LSMs) produced in this study had good performance for predicting the spatial landslide distribution in the study area. These LSMs could be helpful for establishing mitigation strategies and for land use planning. deforestation, increased urbanization, and an increase in regional precipitation in landslide-prone areas due to climate change [5]. It is essential that both susceptible and stable areas be identified to mitigate property damage, environmental degradation, and loss of life. Consequently, landslide susceptibility assessments, i.e., assessments of the spatial probability of a landslide occurring, are a huge step forward in the comprehensive hazard management of landslides [6,7]. The landslide susceptibility map (LSM) produced by a landslide susceptibility assessment can be a useful tool for authorities with decision-making capabilities.Many methods and techniques have been proposed to evaluate landslide susceptibility. In the past few decades, statistical approaches have become popular in the use of remote sensing (RS) with a geographic information system (GIS). There are many statistical approaches used in landslide susceptibility assessment, including a frequency ratio (FR) [8,9], certainty factor (CF) [10], statistical index (SI) [11,12], as well as weight of evidence (WoE) [7,13,14] and logistic regression (LR) [15,16] approaches.Recently, machine learning techniques have become popular in various fields. Machine learning, a branch of artificial intelligence, uses computer algorithms to analyze and predict information based on learning from training data [17,18]. Due to its robustness and high generalization capability, the use of machine learning has increased in landslide susceptibility analysis. Among the machine learning methods, artificial neural network [19,20], fuzzy logic [21,22], neuro-fuzzy [23], support vector machine [24,25], random forest [26,27], and naïve Bayes tree [17,28] methods have been popularly applied.More recently, ensemble machine l...

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Landslide susceptibility mapping using J48 Decision Tree with AdaBoost, Bagging and Rotation Forest ensembles in the Guangchang area (China)

Cited by 429 publications

References 67 publications

Landslide Susceptibility Assessment at Mila Basin (Algeria): A Comparative Assessment of Prediction Capability of Advanced Machine Learning Methods

Landslide Susceptibility Assessment at Mila Basin (Algeria): A Comparative Assessment of Prediction Capability of Advanced Machine Learning Methods

Landslide Susceptibility Mapping for the Muchuan County (China): A Comparison Between Bivariate Statistical Models (WoE, EBF, and IoE) and Their Ensembles with Logistic Regression

Landslide Susceptibility Mapping Based on Random Forest and Boosted Regression Tree Models, and a Comparison of Their Performance

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