Landslides in Arid and Semi-Arid Environments

Moreiras, Stella Maris; Sepúlveda, Sergio A.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-818234-5.00105-x

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 102 publications

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“…The topographic distribution of landslides and PCA results indicate that landslides are mainly influenced by the overall gradient of the topography (LR, SL, STD-SL variables), the depth of terrain dissection below the regional base level (H mean -H min variable), and relatively high rainfall (RAIN and WET variables). While the majority of the area receives <500 mm/year of rainfall, this amount can still be sufficient to trigger landslides in vegetation-free landscapes, especially on steep slopes close to the threshold angle (Moreiras and Sepúlveda, 2022). The dominance of geological/lithological units appears to have little influence (Fig.…”

Section: Landslide Clustering: An Interpretationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Landslides and growing folds: A lesson from the Kura fold-and-thrust belt (Azerbaijan, Georgia)

Pánek,

Břežný,

Havenith

et al. 2024

Geomorphology

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Section: Landslide Clustering: An Interpretationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Landslides and growing folds: A lesson from the Kura fold-and-thrust belt (Azerbaijan, Georgia)

Pánek,

Břežný,

Havenith

et al. 2024

Geomorphology

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“…However, little is known about landslide occurrence in arid and semi-arid environments, and we do not have much information about their downstream impacts and their importance within the global sediment balance [26]. Furthermore, according to Moreiras and Sepúlveda [27], the exclusive sceneries of arid landscapes force a complex environmental mechanism, that lead to a series of particular landforms and landslides processes that may vary from place to place.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Considering the above and that the most important active processes in arid environments are related to stream run off triggered by extreme rainfall events. Even low-intensity rainfall may increase ephemerally surface runoff with an extraordinary erosive power [27]. It is essential to predict the flow-type landslides impact areas to establish adequate territorial planning and to prevent socio-natural disasters from developing again.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Especially considering that in arid and semi-arid complex environments display particular characteristics with an ensemble of different factors that can facilitate slope failures and mass movement. Poor soil development, intense physical weathering, intense storms, droughts and wind particles deposition in these climatic environments provide the stage on which the landslides are either the end results thereof or active participants of land denudation [27].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Flow-Type Landslides Analysis in Arid Zones: Application in La Chimba Basin in Antofagasta, Atacama Desert (Chile)

Roldán

Salazar

González

et al. 2022

Water

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In the world, the hazards of intense rainfall are recurrent and increasing. In addition, they are one of the natural hazards that cause the most severe damage to infrastructure and even cause deaths every year. Flow-type landslides are capable of develop in areas with different geomorphological, geological and climatic characteristics. In hyper-arid zones such as the Atacama Desert, these hazards are capable of develop in a timely manner, causing catastrophes. This study analyzes the flow-type landslide in a hyper-arid mountainous area in La Chimba basin of Antofagasta city (Chile). For this, a hydrometeorological analysis is carried out through a pluviometric analysis, statistical analysis of frequencies through the Gumbel probabilistic method of extreme values and determination of maximum flows by obtaining IDF (intensity-duration-frequency) curves and design rainfall intensity as a function of concentration time. To obtain the maximum flows of liquid runoff and debris, for different return periods, the rational method was used with the method proposed by O’Brien. For the determination in the impact zone, the modeling software HEC-RAS (Hydrologic Engineering Center's River Analysis System) and RAMMS (Rapid Mass Movements). Hydrographs are used for a return period of about 200 years, considered the most unfavorable scenario with the Voellmy–Salm model. To validate the modeling, a morphometric, sedimentological and comparative analysis is carried out between real impact zones of 1991 event and those generated in this study. It is concluded that the sedimentological and morphometric characteristics indicate that the type of flow that it can originate would have a rapid response to rainfall events of great intensity or duration. The modeling provided by HEC-RAS represents a fluvial-type flow, while the RAMMS modeling is closer to the consistency of a flow-type landslide, which is estimated to be closer to reality. The results show that despite being in a hyper-arid zone, the rainfall factor is capable of landslides triggering in mountainous areas.

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Antecedent rainfall as a critical factor for the triggering of debris flows in arid regions

Siman‐Tov¹,

Marra²

2023

Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract. In arid regions, debris flows (DFs) are occasionally observed when heavy rainfall hits steep slopes with unconsolidated materials. Despite the related hazards, not much is yet known about the critical rainfall conditions for DF initiation in dryland areas mainly due to a lack of observations and data. In this study, we use high-resolution digital surface models and orthophotos to detect DFs on the arid slopes of the Dead Sea's northwestern margins, as well as weather radar rainfall estimates for the characterization of the triggering and non-triggering storms. We identify deposits from over 40 relatively small DFs that occurred between 2013 and 2019. We divide them into four groups based on their spatial distribution and triggering period, and we identify the most likely triggering storms based on weather radar data and additional information. We show that the DFs were likely triggered by an intense convective cell (lasting less than 45 min) which was preceded by non-negligible rainfall amounts (about 10 mm) delivered during the storm. Comparing triggering and non-triggering storms, we observed that rain intensity alone is insufficient to explain the phenomena and discuss the possibility that antecedent rainfall could represent a critical factor for the triggering of DFs on steep slopes of arid environments.

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Landslides in Arid and Semi-Arid Environments

Cited by 3 publications

References 102 publications

Landslides and growing folds: A lesson from the Kura fold-and-thrust belt (Azerbaijan, Georgia)

Landslides and growing folds: A lesson from the Kura fold-and-thrust belt (Azerbaijan, Georgia)

Flow-Type Landslides Analysis in Arid Zones: Application in La Chimba Basin in Antofagasta, Atacama Desert (Chile)

Antecedent rainfall as a critical factor for the triggering of debris flows in arid regions

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