Landslides in Urban Environments

Mateos, Rosa María; López‐Vinielles, Juan; Brú, Guadalupe; Sarro, Roberto; Béjar‐Pizarro, Marta; Herrera, Gerardo

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-818234-5.00142-5

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Examples for such systems have been proposed before, but were limited to remote sensing or environmental monitoring (Mateos et al, 2022;Hart and Martinez, 2006;Segoni et al, 2009;Sirangelo and Versace, 1996). Other studies have shown that combining community measurement and warning systems with low-cost technical measurement systems can be effective 25 (Bandara et al, 2013;Fathani et al, 2014), especially when the communities are involved in all parts of the risk management components (Baudoin et al, 2016).…”

Section: Local and Multisectoral Landslide Early Warning Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An integrated, replicable Landslide Early Warning System for informal settlements – case study in Medellín, Colombia

Gamperl

Singer

Garcia-Londoño

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Abstract. Due to climate change and growing urbanization, fatalities from landslides are rising worldwide, and thus solutions for people at risk are needed. This is especially the case for the Andean cities which are often expanding into the steep slopes surrounding them. In Medellín, Colombia, a combination of landslide-prone dunite rock and steep slopes in the east of the city creates a high-hazard scenario for about 87,000 residents, most of whom live in informal settlements. We developed a landslide early warning system (LEWS) which can be applied in such semi-urban situations. The LEWS consists mainly of a measurement system of horizontal and vertical sensor lines across the slope and autonomous point-sensors in between these lines. All parts of the LEWS, from hazard assessment to the monitoring system and the reaction capacity, are supported by extensive activities together with the local community to gain trust and create synergies. This also includes local authorities, agencies and NGO's. To test such a system, a prototype has been installed in a neighborhood in Medellín in 2020–2022. The experiences of this installation resulted in a framework for LEWS's of this kind which we have compiled on a wiki-page to facilitate replication by people in other parts of the world. Hopefully, this can stimulate a lively exchange between researchers and other stakeholders who want to use, modify and replicate our system.

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Section: Local and Multisectoral Landslide Early Warning Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An integrated, replicable Landslide Early Warning System for informal settlements – case study in Medellín, Colombia

Gamperl

Singer

Garcia-Londoño

et al. 2023

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Examples of such systems have been proposed before, but they have tended to be limited to remote sensing or environmental monitoring [21][22][23][24]. Other studies have shown that combining community measurement and warning systems with low-cost technical measurement systems can be effective [25][26][27][28][29][30], especially when communities are involved in all parts of the risk management cycle [31].…”

Section: Local and Multisectoral Landslide Early Warning Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recommendations for Landslide Early Warning Systems in Informal Settlements Based on a Case Study in Medellín, Colombia

Gamperl

Singer

Garcia-Londoño

et al. 2023

Land

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Fatalities from landslides are rising worldwide, especially in cities in mountainous regions, which often expand into the steep slopes surrounding them. For residents, often those living in poor neighborhoods and informal settlements, integrated landslide early warning systems (LEWS) can be a viable solution, if they are affordable and easily replicable. We developed a LEWS in Medellín, Colombia, which can be applied in such semi-urban situations. All the components of the LEWS, from hazard and risk assessment, to the monitoring system and the reaction capacity, were developed with and supported by all local stakeholders, including local authorities, agencies, NGO’s, and especially the local community, in order to build trust. It was well integrated into the social structure of the neighborhood, while still delivering precise and dense deformation and trigger measurements. A prototype was built and installed in a neighborhood in Medellín in 2022, comprising a dense network of line and point measurements and gateways. The first data from the measurement system are now available and allow us to define initial thresholds, while more data are being collected to allow for automatic early warning in the future. All the newly developed knowledge, from sensor hardware and software to installation manuals, has been compiled on a wiki-page, to facilitate replication by people in other parts of the world. According to our experience of the installation, we give recommendations for the implementation of LEWSs in similar areas, which can hopefully stimulate a lively exchange between researchers and other stakeholders who want to use, modify, and replicate our system.

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“…[10][11][12][13][14][15][16] deployed UAV techniques combined with space-borne InSAR data to detect potential early landslide phenomena (cracks) on infrastructures. In [54] (pp. [8][9], researchers deployed UAV, among other techniques, to detect early phenomena in urban environments.…”

Section: Early Landslide Phenomena and Detection Techniques-uav Photo...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Detecting and Monitoring Early Post-Fire Sliding Phenomena Using UAV–SfM Photogrammetry and t-LiDAR-Derived Point Clouds

Deligiannakis

Pallikarakis

Papanikolaou

et al. 2021

Fire

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Soil changes, including landslides and erosion, are some of the most prominent post-fire effects in Mediterranean ecosystems. Landslide detection and monitoring play an essential role in mitigation measures. We tested two different methodologies in five burned sites with different characteristics in Central Greece. We compared Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV)-derived high-resolution Digital Surface Models and point clouds with terrestrial Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR)-derived point clouds to reveal new cracks and monitor scarps of pre-existing landslides. New cracks and scarps were revealed at two sites after the wildfire, measuring up to 27 m in length and up to 25 ± 5 cm in depth. Pre-existing scarps in both Kechries sites appeared to be active, with additional vertical displacements ranging from 5–15 ± 5 cm. In addition, the pre-existing landslide in Magoula expanded by 8%. Due to vegetation regrowth, no changes could be detected in the Agios Stefanos pre-existing landslide. This high-spatial-resolution mapping of slope deformations can be used as landslide precursor, assisting prevention measures. Considering the lack of vegetation after wildfires, UAV photogrammetry has great potential for tracing such early landslide indicators and is more efficient for accurately recording soil changes.

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Landslides in Urban Environments

Cited by 7 publications

References 34 publications

An integrated, replicable Landslide Early Warning System for informal settlements – case study in Medellín, Colombia

An integrated, replicable Landslide Early Warning System for informal settlements – case study in Medellín, Colombia

Recommendations for Landslide Early Warning Systems in Informal Settlements Based on a Case Study in Medellín, Colombia

Detecting and Monitoring Early Post-Fire Sliding Phenomena Using UAV–SfM Photogrammetry and t-LiDAR-Derived Point Clouds

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