Landslides in urban residential slopes induced by strong earthquakes in Japan

Abstract

and infilling valleys. Such massive grading operations often resulted in inadequate compaction of fill materials creating areas of dangerously soft and weak ground within cities throughout Japan. In recent years, a significant number of valley-fill failures and fill slope failures have been reported during large earthquakes that centered in large cities (Kamai et al., 2002). One of the first landslides in a valleyfill was recognized in a suburb of Sendai City during the Miyagi