Landslides triggered by the 7 August 2009 Typhoon Morakot in southern Taiwan

Lin, Chih Chung; Chang, W. S.; Liu, Shou Heng; Tsai, Tsai Tsung; Lee, Shin Pin; Tsang, Y. C.; Shieh, Ce-Kuen; Tseng, Chin-Chung

doi:10.1016/j.enggeo.2011.06.007

Cited by 107 publications

(72 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…This is Xiaolin Village, which was totally destroyed by a huge translational landslide; the population reduction in this area was À34.6 % between 2010 and 2008. The landslide caused the deaths of 397 people, the disappearance of 53 others, and buried over 100 houses (Lin et al 2011). The green-shaded area indicates the site set aside for those surviving and represents a population change rate of þ48.3 % over the same period.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Typhoon Morakot in 2009 on Landslides, Debris Flows and Population in the Chishan River Catchment, Taiwan

Jen

Lei

Chyi

et al. 2016

Advances in Geographical and Environmental Sciences

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Typhoon Morakot brought heavy rainfall in 2009 and initiated many landslides and debris flows, including in the Chishan River catchment, one of the tributaries of the Kaoping River. In this study, we report on the identification of landslides and debris flows using GIS based on the digitization of ortho-rectified aerial photos. More than 10,216 landslides and 140 debris flows were identified caused by heavy rainfall during the typhoon. Features identified as mass movement landforms were then mapped onto a 500 m grid using Getis-Ord Gi* to indicate the location of landslide concentration areas or 'hotspots'. There were significant effects on the local population due to loss of life and migration out of the affected areas. A government scheme to relocate people affected by the Typhoon Morakot landslides and debris flows was instigated in order to prevent further problems from hazards of this sort. Post-event evacuation is possible but it is recommended that the government and non-government organizations work together to ensure more effective mitigation of future typhoon hazards.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Typhoon Morakot in 2009 on Landslides, Debris Flows and Population in the Chishan River Catchment, Taiwan

Jen

Lei

Chyi

et al. 2016

Advances in Geographical and Environmental Sciences

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“…9). More than 22 000 landslides were recorded in southern Taiwan (Lin et al, 2011). One of the hot spots of mass wasting was the Kao Ping Watershed (Wu et al, 2011), where the extremely heavy rainfall (in total, more than 2000 mm depth and 90 h duration) triggered a catastrophic landslide in the Hsiaolin Village (Kuo et al, 2013).…”

Section: Area Description and Model Parameterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

r.randomwalk v1, a multi-functional conceptual tool for mass movement routing

2015

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Abstract. We introduce r.randomwalk, a flexible and multifunctional open-source tool for backward and forward analyses of mass movement propagation. r.randomwalk builds on GRASS GIS (Geographic Resources Analysis Support System -Geographic Information System), the R software for statistical computing and the programming languages Python and C. Using constrained random walks, mass points are routed from defined release pixels of one to many mass movements through a digital elevation model until a defined break criterion is reached. Compared to existing tools, the major innovative features of r.randomwalk are (i) multiple break criteria can be combined to compute an impact indicator score; (ii) the uncertainties of break criteria can be included by performing multiple parallel computations with randomized parameter sets, resulting in an impact indicator index in the range 0-1; (iii) built-in functions for validation and visualization of the results are provided; (iv) observed landslides can be back analysed to derive the density distribution of the observed angles of reach. This distribution can be employed to compute impact probabilities for each pixel. Further, impact indicator scores and probabilities can be combined with release indicator scores or probabilities, and with exposure indicator scores. We demonstrate the key functionalities of r.randomwalk for (i) a single event, the Acheron rock avalanche in New Zealand; (ii) landslides in a 61.5 km 2 study area in the Kao Ping Watershed, Taiwan; and (iii) lake outburst floods in a 2106 km 2 area in the Gunt Valley, Tajikistan.

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“…Because the flooding associated with tropical cyclones often causes more property and ecosystem damage than do high winds (Trousdell et al, 1965;Cremer et al, 1977;Foster, 1988;Atallah and Bosart, 2003;Lin, C. W. et al, 2011;Tsou et al, 2011;West et al, 2011), a storm rating system that includes rainfall would be far more useful in preparing for, and understanding, the impacts of tropical cyclones on human and natural systems.…”

Section: The Need For Rainfall To Be Included In the Cyclone Impact Fmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impacts of tropical cyclones on hydrochemistry of a subtropical forest

Chang

Hamburg

Hwong

et al. 2013

Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract. Tropical cyclones (typhoons/hurricanes) have major impacts on the biogeochemistry of forest ecosystems, but the stochastic nature and the long intervals between storms means that there are limited data on their effects. We characterised the impacts of 14 typhoons over six years on hydrochemistry of a subtropical forest plantation in Taiwan, a region experiencing frequent typhoons. Typhoons contributed 1/3 of the annual rainfall on average, but ranged from 4 to 55 %. The stochastic nature of annual typhoon related precipitation poses a challenge with respect to managing the impacts of these extreme events. This challenge is exacerbated by the fact that typhoon-related rainfall is not significantly correlated with wind velocity, the current focus of weather forecasts. Thus, little advance warning is provided for the hydrological impacts of these storms.The typhoons we studied contributed approximately one third of the annual input and output of most nutrients (except nitrogen) during an average 9.5 day yr −1 period, resulting in nutrient input/output rates an order of magnitude greater than during non-typhoon months. Nitrate output balanced input during the non-typhoon period, but during the typhoon period an average of 10 kg ha −1 yr −1 nitrate was lost. Streamwater chemistry exhibited similarly high variability during typhoon and non-typhoon periods and returned to pretyphoon levels one to three weeks following each typhoon.The streamwater chemistry appears to be very resilient in response to typhoons, resulting in minimal loss of nutrients.

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Landslides triggered by the 7 August 2009 Typhoon Morakot in southern Taiwan

Cited by 107 publications

References 13 publications

The Impact of Typhoon Morakot in 2009 on Landslides, Debris Flows and Population in the Chishan River Catchment, Taiwan

The Impact of Typhoon Morakot in 2009 on Landslides, Debris Flows and Population in the Chishan River Catchment, Taiwan

r.randomwalk v1, a multi-functional conceptual tool for mass movement routing

Impacts of tropical cyclones on hydrochemistry of a subtropical forest

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