To facilitate intelligent vehicles in making informed decisions and
plans, the precise and efficient prediction of vehicle trajectories is
imperative. However, a vehicle’s future trajectory is not solely
determined by its own historical path; it is also influenced by
neighboring vehicles (NVs). Hence, understanding the interactions
between vehicles is crucial for trajectory prediction. Additionally, the
computational challenges posed by long sequence time-series forecasting
(LSTF) add complexity to trajectory prediction tasks. This paper
introduces a novel network, named Sparse Attention Graph Convolution
Network (SAGCN), designed to comprehensively consider the trajectory
interaction details of multiple vehicles, optimizing the LSTF for the
target vehicle (TV). Specifically, grounded in real-world driving
scenarios and vehicle interaction nuances, a multi-vehicle topology
graph is formulated to amalgamate the historical trajectories of the TV
and the interaction trajectories of NVs. The SAGCN network employs the
Graph Convolutional Network (GCN) to assimilate and analyze diverse
features within the multi-vehicle topology graph, subsequently computing
the future trajectory of the vehicle through a sparse attention
mechanism. The proposed method is validated and evaluated using natural
datasets. The results demonstrate that, in comparison to
state-of-the-art methods, the SAGCN network presented attains
exceptional prediction accuracy and satisfactory time efficiency when
predicting the trajectories of TV in LSTF.