Language and Speech in Autism

Gernsbacher, Morton Ann; Morson, Emily M.; Grace, Elizabeth J.

doi:10.1146/annurev-linguistics-030514-124824

Cited by 68 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 58 publications

(72 reference statements)

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“…Furthermore, autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and schizophrenia both have communication-related phenotypes. [86,87] Both have previously been linked to imprinting [88] and more recent empirical work strengthens this association. [89,90] Of particular interest for language is the LRRC16A gene, in which risk variants are maternally overtransmitted in cases of ASD.…”

Section: Mathematical Models Of Language Investmentmentioning

confidence: 66%

“…In addition, mouse models of Angelman syndrome also demonstrate altered ultrasonic vocalizations, indicating that there is nothing mechanical preventing something similar occurring in humans. Furthermore, autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and schizophrenia both have communication‐related phenotypes . Both have previously been linked to imprinting and more recent empirical work strengthens this association .…”

Section: Inferring Selfishness Versus Altruism From Imprinted Genesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Genomic Imprinting As a Window into Human Language Evolution

2019

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Humans spend large portions of their time and energy talking to one another, yet it remains unclear whether this activity is primarily selfish or altruistic. Here, it is shown how parent‐of‐origin specific gene expression—or “genomic imprinting”—may provide an answer to this question. First, it is shown why, regarding language, only altruistic or selfish scenarios are expected. Second, it is pointed out that an individual's maternal‐origin and paternal‐origin genes may have different evolutionary interests regarding investment into language, and that this intragenomic conflict may drive genomic imprinting which—as the direction of imprint depends upon whether investment into language is relatively selfish or altruistic—may be used to discriminate between these two possibilities. Third, predictions concerning the impact of various mutations and epimutations at imprinted loci on language pathologies are derived. In doing so, a framework is developed that highlights avenues for using intragenomic conflicts to investigate the evolutionary drivers of language.

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Section: Mathematical Models Of Language Investmentmentioning

confidence: 66%

Section: Inferring Selfishness Versus Altruism From Imprinted Genesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genomic Imprinting As a Window into Human Language Evolution

2019

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“…ICD-11 face diferențiere între "tulburarea de spectru autist fără deficiență mintală și cu limbaj funcțional sau ușor afectat -6.A02.0", "tulburarea de spectru autist cu deficiență mintală și cu limbaj non-existent sau nefuncțional -6A02.1", tulburarea de spectru autist fără deficiență mintală, dar cu limbaj funcțional deficitar-6A02.2", tulburarea de spectru autist cu deficiență mintală și cu limbaj funcțional deficitar -6A02.3" tulburarea de spectru autist fără deficiență mintală, dar cu absența limbajului funcțional -6A02.4., tulburarea de spectru autist cu deficiență mintală și cu absența limbajului funcțional -6A02. (Gernsbacher, Morson, & Grace, 2016). Încă din 1988, cercetători care s-au implicat în studierea autismului (Rutter et al, 1988) aduceau dovezi observaționale asupra particularităților de limbaj din autism, putându-se aminti: (1)limbajul vorbit apare cu întârziere sau lipsește definitiv -fără a fi compensat de gesturi și mimică, (2) eșecul comunicării cu ceilalți, (3) eșec relativ în a iniția sau întreține o conversație, (4)limbaj stereotip și repetitiv, (5) folosirea pronumelui "tu" în loc de "eu", (7) Idiosincrazie (8) anormalități la nivelul prozodiei (înălțimea vocii, tensiunea vocii, rata, ritmul, intonația vorbirii).…”

Section: Fig 1 Relaunclassified

Language and communication: myths and evidences

Trifu¹,

Hațegan²,

Miclea³

2019

RRTTLC

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Autism spectrum disorder is a very common developmental disorder nowadays. CPLOL celebrated speech and language therapy day on the 6th of March and dedicated this day to Communication in Autism. Based on this, we prepared a workshop within our association (ASTTLR) under this theme where ASD was approached based on the language myths and on the language evidences. The fallowing myths and evidences were discussed based on significant studies in the field: echolalia, language idiosyncrasy, personal pronoun usage, gestures, the gap between receptive and expressive language. Conclusions underlined that language development can be an important indicator in ASD, but it must be carefully approached as not all specific language development features can be by themselves diagnostic criteria.

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“…Although language development plays a key role in social development and may affect how ASD symptoms manifest, language impairments or social communication skill problems alone are not core ASD symptoms [17]. Gerbsbacher et al [18] reported that delayed language development is a common but not a universal characteristic of autism since some studies that measured language ability did not show that language development among individuals with ASD differed from typical language development.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between Social Skills and Motor Skills in Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Systematic Review

Ohara

Kanejima

Kitamura

et al. 2019

EJIHPE

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Social communication and motor skill deficits are prevalent characteristics of individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). This systematic research review investigates whether and how broad social skills and motor skills may be related among individuals with ASD. We performed a PubMed search of articles written in English, using these study inclusion criteria: (a) an association between social and motor and skills among individuals previously diagnosed with autism; (b) one or more social skills measures were used; and (c) one or more measures of gross or fine motor skills were used. We classified data into two categories, and we based the association of these variables on correlation coefficients, p-values, coefficients of determination, and authors' description of "may be associated" and "may not be associated." Despite heterogeneity among these relevant studies, a highly likely association between social and motor skills emerged. Of a total of 16 studies reviewed, 12 reported associations between these skill sets. Three studies reported that fine motor skills had a stronger relationship with social skills than did gross motor skills. Among the gross motor skills associated with social skills, object control skills seemed most closely linked to social skills. Among fine motor skills, manual dexterity seemed to most closely related to social skills.

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Language and Speech in Autism

Cited by 68 publications

References 58 publications

Genomic Imprinting As a Window into Human Language Evolution

Genomic Imprinting As a Window into Human Language Evolution

Language and communication: myths and evidences

Association between Social Skills and Motor Skills in Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Systematic Review

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