Language Contraction, Revitalization, and Irish Women

LeMaster, Barbara

doi:10.1525/jlin.2006.16.2.211

Cited by 14 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Though it has also cultivated a great number of deaf students, its influence on SCSL is limited. As we know from Chen and Luo, in the 1940s, most laymen graduates gave up French signs or finger-spellings and adopted SCSL, which echoed the findings of Leeson and Grehan (2004) and LeMaster (2006).…”

Section: Genetic Relations Among Deaf Schools and The Spread Of Scslsupporting

confidence: 61%

Early Development of Chinese Sign Language in Shanghai Schools for the Deaf

Lin

2021

Front. Psychol.

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The Shanghai variant of Chinese Sign Language (SCSL) is one of the main variants of Chinese sign languages, greatly influencing other sign languages, such as Hong Kong Sign Language and Singapore Sign Language. This paper is a first attempt to trace its origins and early history and deaf education in Shanghai until 1949. The data are collected in two ways: first, by delving into the archives, i.e., written records of deaf history and education in China during that time; second, by interviewing surviving deaf students who went to school before or around 1949. Our findings are as follows: (a) SCSL began in the 1920s and emerged as a distinct sign language in the 1940s. Two deaf schools were the power shaping its progress among several deaf schools established in Shanghai: Fryer deaf school and Group learning deaf school. The sign variants of these two schools form the backbone of SCSL. (b) Deaf teachers are one of the key factors that affect the early development of a sign language. Chinese deaf played a vital role in the rise and spread of SCSL in the 1930s and 1940s, as some deaf teachers opened deaf schools in Shanghai and other cities, even other countries or areas, thus helping SCSL to spread. (c) Arising in an international and multilingual environment, SCSL is characterized by traces of foreign sign languages, especially ASL, due to language contacts linked to deaf education at that time, e.g., some proper names, like XUJIAHUI, SHANGHAI-1 and some high-frequency words like water. (d) However, foreign sign languages' direct influence is negligible due to the lack of participation of deaf foreigners in deaf education in Shanghai and oralism advocated by foreign educators in relevant deaf schools. To sum up, deaf teachers for deaf schools are key to the early development and spread of SCSL.

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Section: Genetic Relations Among Deaf Schools and The Spread Of Scslsupporting

confidence: 61%

Early Development of Chinese Sign Language in Shanghai Schools for the Deaf

Lin

2021

Front. Psychol.

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“…Second, among Dubois and Horvath's (2000:311) youngest generation of Cajun English speakers, women's rates of nasalization and voiceless stop nonaspiration virtually reach zero, whereas men "recycle" these older markers of Cajun English; these are features, in other words, for which young men retain variable grammars and which young women avoid categorically. Finally, several generations of gender-segregated Deaf schooling in Dublin resulted in gendered Irish Sign Language lexicons-including signs as commonplace as those for girl, work, and use-that persisted after students left school and were sufficiently distinct to impede cross-gender ISL communication (LeMaster, 2006). In short, despite widespread and well-documented differences in rates of variable usage between women's and men's speech, the conventional wisdom that women and men share membership in the speech communities they inhabitand thus women and men share variable grammars of internal constraints on variation-has not typically been examined.…”

Section: G E N D E R a N D S O C I O L I N G U I S T I C Va R I A T I O Nmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender separation and the speech community: Rhoticity in early 20th century Southland New Zealand English

et al. 2021

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The existence of a shared constraint hierarchy is one of the criteria that defines and delimits speech communities. In particular, women and men are thought to differ only in their rates of variable usage, not in the constraints governing their variation; that is, women and men are typically considered to belong to the same speech community. We find that in early twentieth century Southland, New Zealand, women and men had different constraint hierarchies for rhoticity, with a community grammar of rhoticity only developing later. These results may be a product of a particular set of sociohistorical facts thatare not peculiar to Southland. We suggest that further research in other geographical locations may indeed reveal that men and women have different constraint hierarchies for other variables. Speech communities may thus be delimited along social lines in ways that have not been previously considered.

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“…al. 2019); studies of human care‐worker interactions with nonhuman primates in a political era simultaneously calling for decolonization while confronting species extinction (Parreñas 2018); analyses of science and technology studies through a feminist Indigenous lens (Tallbear 2017); examinations of the political manipulation and negotiation of affective and communicative labors of impoverished women in El Alto, Brazil (Scott 2017); and the documentation of the gendered inequalities in language loss (see LeMaster 2006). Important work has also examined marital rape laws (see Yllö and Torres 2016), global development policies (see Sen 2018), and the connections between neoliberal welfare policies and family violence (Adelman 2017).…”

Section: Conclusion: Feminist Anthropologies and The Futures Of Pracmentioning

confidence: 99%

Voices: A memorial, a history, and a call for the future of the practice and application of feminist anthropology

Wies¹

2020

Feminist Anthropology

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This article examines Voices: A Publication of the Association for Feminist Anthropology as a collection of feminist anthropology articles, arguing that an analysis of Voices represents an interrogation of feminist anthropology in general. Voices was a transformative publication for many in feminist anthropology-somewhat subversive (not peer-reviewed!), a dedicated space for straightforward truth speaking over time, a space for an alignment of the personal and the political, and the location for setting feminist anthropology agendas. Using a grounded theory framework, 138 articles across seventeen issues (509 pages) were analyzed to identify thematic trends and chronological shifts through time. The grounded theory analysis revealed that the most frequently appearing themes include inclusivity and diversity, women's bodies, teaching and mentoring, and policy. While the first two themes maintained or increased in prominence over time, the themes of teaching and mentoring and policy decreased in Voices contributions through time. Thus, what is stunning and alarming in the Voices data is the shift away from the practice and application of feminist anthropology. Therefore, the future of feminist anthropology must include fierce protection for the practice and application of feminist anthropology, which is vital to the discipline and to our efforts to improve the human condition.

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Language Contraction, Revitalization, and Irish Women

Cited by 14 publications

References 26 publications

Early Development of Chinese Sign Language in Shanghai Schools for the Deaf

Early Development of Chinese Sign Language in Shanghai Schools for the Deaf

Gender separation and the speech community: Rhoticity in early 20th century Southland New Zealand English

Voices: A memorial, a history, and a call for the future of the practice and application of feminist anthropology

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