Language Skills of Young Children With Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate Following Infant Orthopedics: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Abstract

Children treated with IO during their first year of life produced longer sentences than non-IO children at the ages of 2(1/2) and 3 years. At 6 years of age, both groups presented similar expressive language skills. Hence, IO treatment did not have long-lasting effects on language development.

Long-Term Effects of Presurgical Infant Orthopedics in Patients with Cleft Lip and Palate: A Systematic Review

“…The survey strategy resulted in 319 articles, of which 12 were qualified for the final analysis in the first survey (eight RCTs, four CCTs) (Karling et al, 1993;Ross and MacNamera, 1994;Chan et al, 2003;Konst et al, 2003b;Bongaarts et al, 2004;Prahl et al, 2005Prahl et al, , 2008Bongaarts et al, 2006;Masarei et al, 2007;Bongaarts et al, 2008;Barillas et al, 2009;Bongaarts et al, 2009).…”

“…Active palates were evaluated in two articles (Chan et al, 2003;Masarei et al, 2007) and passive plates in eight (Ross and MacNamera, 1994;Konst et al, 2003b;Bongaarts et al, 2004;Prahl et al, 2005Prahl et al, , 2008Bongaarts et al, 2006;Bongaarts et al, 2008;Bongaarts et al, 2009).…”

“…Levels of evidence for seven of the eight RCTs were 1b (grade of recommendation: A), which is in agreement with the Oxford scale. But one RCT (Konst et al, 2003b) was evaluated to have a grade of recommendation of B and level of evidence of 2b due to its low (,0.80) follow-up rate.…”

“…The study of Konst et al (2003b) was thought to be important because it evaluated language skills of children between the ages of 2 and 6 years. The results show that the early positive effects of PSIO change over time, and no differences were found in language development between the two groups at the age of 6 years.…”

Presurgical Infant Orthopedics for Cleft Lip and Palate: A Review

“…Therefore, in the Dutchcleft study there were no observable effects on occlusion and jaw relationships at the ages of 4 and 6 years [63]. Evaluation of speech and language development showed that at one year of age, children who wore plates presented an enhanced production of alveolar sounds; however, at the age of 1.5 year, when the plate was no longer used, a limited effect on speech was observed [64]. At 30 months of age, the phonologic development of the orthopedic group was normal or delayed, while most children in the non-orthopedic group presented an abnormal development [65].…”