Highly efficient and reusable protective
materials for chemical
warfare agents (CWAs) are in high demand. Here, we used a surface
modification technique to develop a material that provides chemical
protection. Using an electrospun polyacrylonitrile (PAN) nanofiber
membrane as the substrate, we modified the surface of the nanofiber
with dopamine hydrochloride, which self-polymerized to form a polydopamine
(PDA) surface layer, onto which we loaded metal–organic framework
(MOF-808) particles. The presence of PDA on the surface of the PAN
nanofibers significantly increased the breaking strength (2-fold increase)
and elongation (9-fold increase) of the nanofiber membrane. Moreover,
the PDA functionalities formed coordination sites to trigger the in
situ growth of MOF-808 particles on the surface of the nanofiber membrane,
thereby considerably increasing the growth rate and loading capacity.
The surface of the nanofiber membrane was completely covered with
MOF-808 particles following solvothermal treatment for 16 h. The MOF-808/PAN/PDA
composite membrane could rapidly degrade 99.9% of dimethyl-4-nitrophenyl
phosphate to p-nitrophenol within 8 min. After the
membrane was used several times, the conversion rate stabilized at
95.9%, indicating that the MOF-808/PAN/PDA composite membrane has
significant potential for application as protective clothing for CWAs.