Lap time simulation and design optimisation of a brushed DC electric motorcycle for the Isle of Man TT Zero Challenge

Bianco, Nicola Dal; Lot, Roberto; Matthys, Koen

doi:10.1080/00423114.2017.1342847

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Lap time simulations for motorcycles covering racetracks are described in refs. [51][52][53][54]. Optimum Lap simulations of race vehicles are described in refs.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Electric and Internal Combustion Engine SuperSport Bikes

Boretti¹

2023

Energy Tech

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Electric and internal combustion engine super sport bikes are compared for performance, energy efficiency, and range, based on market data and simulations of acceleration and top speed. Electric motorcycles deliver better performances, despite still suffering from a larger weight. They offer a much larger maximum torque, available from zero speed, and a slightly larger maximum power, producing sharper acceleration and higher top speed. Working with a nearly constant torque up to maximum power, they also offer excellent drivability on straight lines. They produce less noise, and no pollutant emissions, and permit better energy economy. They suffer from a reduced range and drivability over corners, for the larger weight and the less favorable mass distribution. Crashworthiness is a major issue of electric motorcycles, as they need to be “written‐off” even after minor crashes since the safety of the battery is difficult to be established. Electric motorcycles are competitive for city driving, where range or long‐time recharge is not an issue, sport driving is impractical, and regenerative braking may further save energy. The introduction of solid‐state batteries may further improve the appeal of electric supersport motorcycles, reducing the weight penalty for acceptable ranges, and providing a more balanced vehicle much easier to handle.

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“…Lap time simulations for motorcycles covering racetracks are described in refs. [51][52][53][54]. Optimum Lap simulations of race vehicles are described in refs.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Electric and Internal Combustion Engine SuperSport Bikes

Boretti¹

2023

Energy Tech

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“…Limit-handling is also considered in [56,57], where it is shown that in some scenarios 'drifting' and 'handbrake turning' techniques arise as solutions to the minimum-time OCP. A long-distance track is considered in [58], where the 60 km Snaefell Mountain Course is simulated for the design of an electric motorcycle for the annual Isle of Man TT Zero Challenge. The motorcycle is represented as a mono-wheel with the track elevation considered (without cambering).…”

Section: The 2010smentioning

confidence: 99%

Minimum-lap-time optimisation and simulation

Massaro

Limebeer

2021

Vehicle System Dynamics

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The paper begins with a survey of advances in state-of-the-art minimum-time simulation for road vehicles. The techniques covered include both quasi-steady-state and transient vehicle models, which are combined with trajectories that are either pre-assigned, or free to be optimized. The fundamentals of nonlinear optimal control are summarized. These fundamentals are the basis of most of the vehicular optimal control methodologies and solution procedures reported in the literature. The key features of three-dimensional road modelling, vehicle positioning, and vehicle modelling are also summarized with a focus on recent developments. Both cars and motorcycles are considered.

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“…Even if various types of motors are still used for competitions (e.g. DC ones 47 ), PM synchronous machines emerged as most used technology due to their potential in terms for maximum performances; design optimization up to the limit of mechanical and thermal integrity being a research topic promoted by racing needs 48 ; interesting, this latest article highlights the possibility to achieve 1000 h durability even for racing electric motor windings, which is a key need for technology transition from motorsport to industrial production.…”

Section: Literature Review On Motors For Evs and On The Role Of Motormentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental sustainability analysis of Formula-E electric motor

Pero

Berzi

Dattilo

et al. 2020

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D:

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Demand for urban mobility continue to be on the rise and the changing landscape has profound repercussions on a varied range of issues as well as health, safety, water, transport and energy consumption. For this reason, to achieve sustainable urbanization, cities must generate better employment opportunities, expand the necessary infrastructure, ensure equal access to services, preserve the natural assets within the city and surrounding areas. In this context, even in motorsport (particularly in FIA) future trends are beginning to be oriented to sustainability issues and there is a growing interest in assessing the sustainability profile of racing vehicles. Environmental protection and eco-mobility represent the main challenge facing Formula-E by offering electric vehicles (EVs) designed to combine technology, innovation and sustainability, as well as to enable the transition towards low-carbon smart cities in the next future. Up today the sustainability issues in Formula-E have been treated exclusively at system level (i.e. logistics and management, travel, infrastructure and so on), but no studies exist at component level. Technological development related to racing performance field is also potentially boosting innovation, thus supporting continuous improvement of electrical powertrain in terms of efficiency, performance and optimal use of materials, such as rare earths for electric motors and active materials for batteries. The target of the paper is the development and implementation of a tailored methodological approach to assess the environmental impacts of the whole Life-Cycle (LC) of a Formula-E electric motor. The primary data collection is functional to enhance knowledge and inventory regarding the specific application. At the same time, the results provide useful indications to both improve product development under eco-design perspective and ensure technology transfer from racing high-performance cars to commercial vehicles.

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Lap time simulation and design optimisation of a brushed DC electric motorcycle for the Isle of Man TT Zero Challenge

Cited by 7 publications

References 29 publications

Comparison of Electric and Internal Combustion Engine SuperSport Bikes

Comparison of Electric and Internal Combustion Engine SuperSport Bikes

Minimum-lap-time optimisation and simulation

Environmental sustainability analysis of Formula-E electric motor

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