“…Currently, experienced laparoscopic surgeons perform retroperitoneal [14], pelvic [3, [15][16][17][18][19] and paraaortic [3,15,19,20] lymphadenectomy, as well as procedures for stage I endometrial cancer [5], stage I-III cervical cancer [7,15,17,18] and stage I ovarian or tubal cancer [4] with the same postoperative results as those obtained with open surgery. In advanced cervical cancer, anterior exenteration performed laparoscopically [9] and laparoscopic-assisted middle and posterior exenteration [10] lead the way for minimal access surgery with lower morbidity rates.…”