Laparoscopic cholecystectomy for early gallbladder carcinoma: long-term outcome in comparison with conventional open cholecystectomy

Abstract

The laparoscopic cholecystectomy procedure did not adversely influence the prognosis of patients with early-stage gallbladder carcinomas. Furthermore, meticulous removal of gallbladders during laparoscopic surgery, in which early gallbladder carcinoma can be managed successfully using laparoscopic cholecystectomy, achieved a satisfactory surgical result and a low port-site tumor recurrence rate.

Is Laparoscopy Contraindicated for Gallbladder Cancer? A 10-Year Prospective Cohort Study

“…The variations in the survival data might be attributable to the heterogeneity of the patients or institutions and survival analyses based on an extrapolated calculation method with limited follow-up. 2,19,20 In this study, we analyzed the actual survival data using a prospectively designed protocol to more accurately define the oncologic outcomes after laparoscopic surgery for early-stage GBC. Patients with stage T1a or T1b showed an actual 5-year survival rate of 100%, and patients with stage T2 showed an actual 5-year survival rate of >90%.…”

SAGES guidelines for the clinical application of laparoscopic biliary tract surgery

“…Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is considered curative for cancers confined to the gallbladder mucosa (T1a), while cancers which invade the muscularis (T1b) may have lymph node metastases or lymphatic invasion which prompts some authors to recommend hepatoduodenal lymph node dissection for these lesions, but an initial open versus laparoscopic approach does not influence survival [160][161][162][163]. Inadvertent opening of cancerous gallbladders during laparoscopic cholecystectomy increases the likelihood of recurrence and port-site metastases [164][165][166]. Cancers which are more locally advanced or those with nodal involvement should be referred to specialty centers for consideration of more extensive resection or re-resection [159].…”

Optimal extent of surgery for early gallbladder cancer with regard to long‐term survival: a meta‐analysis

“…Of these 60 publications, 38 studies were excluded after detailed review due to insufficient data regarding T1 GBC, absence of separate data according to surgical extent, lack of histologic confirmation, or insufficient sample size. Finally, 22 publications were included in the analysis [5,6,[14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33].…”